Meta-analyses of the Effect of Tree Nuts on Glycemic Control and Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

Summary

Tree nuts (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts) are an important source of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable protein, and fibre, as well as minerals, vitamins, and phytonutrients. Although heart disease risk reduction claims for nuts have been permitted in the U.S. and general dietary guidelines and recommendations from heart associations recommend the consumption of nuts for heart protection, diabetes associations have not addressed nuts in their most recent recommendations. This omission is despite heart disease being a major cause of death in diabetes. There remains insufficient information on the usefulness of these foods in diabetes. To improve evidence-based guidance for tree nut recommendations, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review of the effect of tree nuts on diabetes control and features of the metabolic syndrome. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether eating tree nuts has different effects between men and women, in different age groups and background disease states, and whether or not the effect of tree nuts depends on the dose and background diet. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing diabetes association recommendations and heart association recommendations where they relate to diabetes.

Conditions

• Diabetes
• Prediabetes
• Dysglycemia
• Overweight
• Obesity
• Dyslipidemia
• Hypertension
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Cardiovascular Diseases

Interventions

OTHER

Tree nuts

Almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts in whole, meal, or flour form

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research & Education Foundation

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Canada Research Chairs Endowment of the Federal Government of Canada

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• John Sievenpiper

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• John L Sievenpiper, MD, PhD · Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

• Russell J de Souza, ScD, RD · Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

• Cyril WC Kendall, PhD · Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, University of Toronto and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

• David JA Jenkins, MD, PhD, DSc · Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, University of Toronto and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

Eligibility

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2012-05-31

Primary Completion

2014-05-31

Completion

2014-05-31

Countries

• Canada

Study Locations