Meta-analyses of Fructose and Cardiometabolic Risk

Summary

Diabetes and heart associations continue to discourage high intakes of dietary fructose, a constituent part of the sucrose molecule that is found in fruits and vegetables as a natural sugar and in some processed foods and beverages as an added sweetener. The concern relates to its ability to increase certain blood fats and cholesterol, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evidence for an adverse effect of fructose on these risk factors, however, is inconclusive. To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations for fructose are based, the investigators therefore propose to study the effect of fructose on blood fats, cholesterol, sugars, blood pressure, and body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Conditions

• Dyslipidemia
• Diabetes
• Prediabetes
• Dysglycemia
• Overweight
• Obesity
• Gout
• Hypertension
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Cardiovascular Disease

Interventions

OTHER

Dietary fructose

Oral dietary fructose in free (unbound) form in isocaloric exchange for other non-fructose carbohydrate sources (isocaloric trials) or added to a control diet as a source of excess energy (hypercaloric trials).

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• Canada Research Chairs Endowment of the Federal Government of Canada

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• Calorie Control Council

  collaborator OTHER

• John Sievenpiper

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• John L Sievenpiper, MD, PhD · Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

• David JA Jenkins, MD, PhD, DSc · Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, University of Toronto and Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital

Eligibility

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2009-05-31

Primary Completion

2014-03-31

Completion

2016-03-31

Countries

• Canada

Study Locations