Vitamin and Mineral Absorption From Milk and PBMAs

Summary

Plant-based milk alternatives (PBMAs) are a popular alternative to cow's milk. The different types of PBMAs on the market shelf include almond, oat, soy, coconut, cashew, pea, hemp, and rice. Among these, PBMA made from almonds, oats and soy are the most popular in North America. Though PBMAs are designed to mimic cow's milk in terms of color, they often have a very different nutrition profile. In order to better substitute for cow's milk, PBMAs often have added vitamins and minerals, as well as added sugars and flavorings to improve flavor.

This study will test how well certain nutrients (vitamin D, calcium, potassium, and magnesium) are absorbed by the body after intake of milk and PBMAs. Nutrient absorption will be measured using blood samples after short term intake (from 1 hours to 1 week) of almond, soy, and oat milk, and compare it to cow's milk. Participants in the study will avoid all fluid dairy products and vitamin-D supplemented foods for three weeks and then be asked to consume either almond, soy, oat, or cow's milk for one week.

All participants will visit the Clinical Nutrition Research Center (CNRC) four times over the course of about one month. These visits include a screening and pre-study visit (1.5 hrs), a pick-up visit (30 min), one long study day visit (\~11 hours), and two shorter follow up study day visits (1 hr).

Conditions

• Nutrition
• Healthy

Interventions

OTHER

Dairy Milk

Daily, each participant will consume 16 oz of the type of milk (plant based or dairy) two which they are randomized.

OTHER

Soy Milk

Daily, each participant will consume 16 oz of the type of milk (plant based or dairy) two which they are randomized.

OTHER

Almond Milk

Daily, each participant will consume 16 oz of the type of milk (plant based or dairy) two which they are randomized.

OTHER

Oat Milk

Daily, each participant will consume 16 oz of the type of milk (plant based or dairy) two which they are randomized.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

  collaborator FED

• Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Illinois Institute of Technology

  lead INDUSTRY

Principal Investigators

• Chelsea Preiss · Illinois Institute of Technology

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

25 Years

Max Age

70 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2023-06-01

Primary Completion

2025-12-30

Completion

2025-12-30

Countries

• United States

Study Locations