Effects of High Fruit, Vegetable, and Dairy Intake on Plasma Lipids and Blood Pressure in Healthy Individuals

Summary

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial has been shown to reduce blood pressure and plasma total and LDL-cholesterol (C) compared to a Western diet, but shows no benefit on other blood lipid variables associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, namely HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The overall objective of this study is to determine whether modification of the DASH diet by substituting carbohydrate with fat will result in improvements in multiple biomarkers of CVD risk. Specifically, the investigators will test the hypotheses that modification of the DASH diet by reducing carbohydrate, primarily in the form of simple sugars and glycemic starches, and allowing for a more liberal intake of total and saturated fat, primarily from dairy foods, will: (1) improve lipoprotein markers of CVD risk (reduced total/HDL-C ratio, apolipoprotein B, small LDL particles, and increased HDL-C, apoAI, and large HDL particles); and (2) result in comparable reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure to those achieved with the standard DASH diet. The investigators will also assess the effects of the modified DASH diet on markers of insulin resistance and inflammation. Our main hypotheses will be tested by a controlled dietary intervention conducted in 40 healthy men and women who will be randomly allocated to consume, for 3 weeks each, a control Western diet, a standard DASH diet, and a modified low-carbohydrate DASH diet, separated by 2-week washout periods.

Conditions

• Cardiovascular Disease
• Dyslipidemia
• Blood Pressure

Interventions

OTHER

Dietary Intervention

3 weeks of a typical Western diet pattern. 48% carbohydrate, 15% protein, 37% fat.

OTHER

Dietary Intervention

3 weeks of a diet based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet plan. 57% carbohydrate, 18% protein, 25% fat.

OTHER

Dietary Intervention

3 weeks of a reduced carbohydrate, higher fat modification of the DASH diet plan. 42% carbohydrate, 18% protein, 40% fat.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Dairy Management Inc.

  collaborator INDUSTRY

• UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Ronald M Krauss, MD · UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

CROSSOVER

Eligibility

Min Age

22 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2011-07-31

Primary Completion

2013-12-31

Completion

2013-12-31

Countries

• United States

Study Locations