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Team-Based Learning Integrated Into Clinical Simulation in Nursing Students

NCT07444229 · Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING · Phase: NA · Type: INTERVENTIONAL · Enrollment: 150

Last updated 2026-03-17

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

This study aims to evaluate whether integrating Team-Based Learning (TBL) into clinical simulation improves learning outcomes in undergraduate nursing students compared with traditional simulation alone.

Team-Based Learning (TBL) is an educational approach that actively involves students in small groups through individual preparation, teamwork, and application of knowledge to real-world problems. Clinical simulation is already widely used in nursing education to help students practice technical and non-technical skills in a safe environment. Combining these two approaches may enhance learning, but evidence is still limited.

In this randomized controlled trial, third-year nursing students enrolled in the Bachelor of Nursing program at the University of Pisa will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will receive a Team-Based Learning session before participating in a clinical simulation, while the control group will take part in standard simulation activities without TBL.

The study will assess students' knowledge, technical skills, and teamwork competencies immediately after the educational activities and again at three and six months to evaluate retention of learning outcomes. Participation is voluntary and does not involve additional risks beyond standard educational activities.

Conditions

  • Nursing Education

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Team-Based Learning Integrated Clinical Simulation

Participants receive a structured educational intervention integrating Team-Based Learning into a clinical simulation session. The intervention includes individual pre-class preparation using evidence-based learning materials, an Individual Readiness Assurance Test (I-RAT), a Team Readiness Assurance Test (T-RAT), team-based application activities focused on clinical decision-making, and structured feedback and debriefing facilitated by trained tutors. The Team-Based Learning session is delivered prior to the clinical simulation and is aligned with curricular objectives of undergraduate nursing education.

BEHAVIORAL

Traditional Clinical Simulation

Participants receive standard clinical simulation activities as part of the undergraduate nursing curriculum. The simulation follows established educational practices routinely used in nursing education and does not include Team-Based Learning components such as readiness assurance tests, structured team application activities, or formal peer evaluation. Simulation content, learning objectives, duration, and assessment time points are aligned with those of the experimental group.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • University of Pisa

    lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

  • Nicola Pagnucci, RN, MSN, PhD · University of Pisa

Study Design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Model
PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age
18 Years
Sex
ALL
Healthy Volunteers
Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2026-03-01
Primary Completion
2026-05-31
Completion
2026-06-30

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Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT07444229 on ClinicalTrials.gov