Effects of Beverage Volume, Glycerol Concentration, and Sodium Concentration on Fluid Balance in Healthy Euhydrated Men and Women at Rest

Summary

The presence of certain ingredients such as sodium and glycerol can facilitate retention of the fluid consumed via renal water reabsorption. To maintain overall whole-body fluid balance, it is important that ingested fluid is retained in the body instead of losing it through urination.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of sodium and glycerol concentrations at various fluid intake volumes on fluid balance in healthy, euhydrated men and women.

Conditions

• Fluid Balance

Interventions

OTHER

Placebo beverage, kiwi-strawberry flavor

9.3.oz 3 times for a total of 28 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose

OTHER

Electrolyte solution without glycerol beverage 1

4 oz 3 times for a total of 12 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Electrolyte solution without glycerol beverage 2

6.7 oz 3 times for a total of 20 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Electrolyte solution without glycerol beverage 3

9.3.oz 3 times for a total of 28 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Electrolyte solution with glycerol beverage 1

4 oz 3 times for a total of 12 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Electrolyte solution with glycerol beverage 2

4 oz 3 times for a total of 12 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Electrolyte solution with glycerol beverage 3

9.3.oz 3 times for a total of 28 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Base with glycerol, no electrolytes beverage 1

4 oz 3 times for a total of 12 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Base with glycerol, no electrolytes beverage 2

6.7 oz 3 times for a total of 20 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

OTHER

Base with glycerol, no electrolytes beverage 3

9.3.oz 3 times for a total of 28 oz over a 35 min period followed by 25 min rest until Time 0 post-dose. Beverage matched to placebo for color and flavor.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• PepsiCo Global R&D

  lead INDUSTRY

Principal Investigators

• Lindsay Baker, PhD · PepsiCo R&D/Gatorade and Sports Science Institute

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

QUADRUPLE

Model

CROSSOVER

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

50 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2025-04-09

Primary Completion

2025-12-15

Completion

2025-12-15

Countries

• United States

Study Locations