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SMOKING AND PRESENCE OF FRANK'S SIGN

NCT07427745 · Status: COMPLETED · Type: OBSERVATIONAL · Enrollment: 404

Last updated 2026-02-23

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

In this study, the effect of cigarette smoking-one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases-on the development of Frank's sign (DELC) was investigated. Rather than smoking status alone, cumulative smoking exposure was considered to cause vascular damage and thereby influence the formation of DELC. Consequently, these findings may enable family physicians and other clinicians to approach patients rapidly and non-invasively within the framework of preventive medicine.

Conditions

Interventions

OTHER

To obtain bilateral ear photographs

Digital photographs obtained from both ears in a well-lit environment were evaluated by the study researchers. The presence of Frank's sign and its staging according to the Modified Patel-Lopez classification were confirmed by a positive assessment from at least two researchers

OTHER

To take a medical history

The participants' sociodemographic data, histories of chronic diseases, medication use, family histories, and smoking habits were recorded by the researchers via face-to-face interviews (average duration: 5 min)

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • Samsun University

    lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

  • Onur Öztürk · Amasya University

Eligibility

Min Age
40 Years
Max Age
59 Years
Sex
ALL
Healthy Volunteers
Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2024-09-01
Primary Completion
2025-03-01
Completion
2025-05-06

Countries

  • Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations

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Entities

Diseases

Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT07427745 on ClinicalTrials.gov