Effects of LPG and Ventilation Interventions on Reducing HAP and Improving Cardiopulmonary Health

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) substitution and improved ventilation on household air pollution (HAP) reduction and cardiopulmonary health. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Does LPG substitution or improved ventilation reduce HAP and improve cardiopulmonary health?
2. Would the combined intervention of LPG substitution and improved ventilation outperform single interventions?
3. What is the cost-effectiveness of such interventions, and are they sustainable?
4. Does the intervention reduce the incidence of cardiopulmonary clinical events?

Participants will be randomized in 4 groups:

A: Solid fuel + no ventilation facilities group (300 households): Continued use of solid fuels without installation of ventilation facilities and receipt of standardized health education. No LPG stoves or ventilation equipment will be provided during the intervention period. However, after the primary endpoint assessment at 12 months, all households in Group A will be provided with LPG stoves and ventilation facilities of equivalent specifications free of charge, along with health guidance. Phased cash compensation will be provided during the intervention period.

B: Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) + no ventilation facilities group (300 households): Provided with LPG stoves and instructed to use them during cooking, with regular LPG supply throughout the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

C: Solid fuel + ventilation facilities group (300 households): Continued use of solid fuels while being provided with ventilation facilities and instructed to use them during cooking. Electricity costs will be compensated during the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

D: LPG + ventilation facilities group (300 households): Provided with both LPG stoves and ventilation facilities and instructed to use both during cooking. Regular LPG supply and electricity cost compensation will be provided throughout the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

Conditions

• Cardiopulmonary Function
• Environmental Exposures

Interventions

DEVICE

Cooking ventilation facilities

Installation and use of kitchen ventilation facilities (e.g., range hood) during cooking to reduce indoor air pollution exposure.

BEHAVIORAL

Using liquefied gas for cooking

Households are provided with liquefied gas stoves and encouraged to use liquefied gas instead of solid fuels for cooking.

BEHAVIORAL

Using solid fuels for cooking

Households continue using traditional solid fuels (e.g., coal or biomass) for cooking according to their usual practices.

BEHAVIORAL

No ventilation during cooking

Households continue cooking without installing additional ventilation facilities during the intervention period.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Huazhong University of Science and Technology

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Kuai Yu · Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Model

FACTORIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

75 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2025-07-01

Primary Completion

2029-06-30

Completion

2029-06-30

Countries

• China

Study Locations