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Stress Ball Effects to Pain, Anxiety, Satisfaction and Treatment Continuity During ESWL

NCT06846723 · Status: COMPLETED · Phase: NA · Type: INTERVENTIONAL · Enrollment: 64

Last updated 2026-05-15

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), a minimally invasive procedure, is used in the treatment of urolithiasis. The shock waves used in this procedure, which does not require any incision, cause pain in the superficial structures of the body such as skin, muscles and deep structures such as costae, nerves and kidney tissue. This pain may cause patients not to tolerate the treatment, delay in recovery, decrease in the effectiveness of the treatment and decrease in satisfaction. Patients may also experience anxiety about the procedure prior to treatment. Anxious patients experience more pain during ESWL. Pain and anxiety increase the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and neuroendocrine response, leading to physiologic changes such as increased blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen requirement of the body. This may negatively affect the vital signs of the patients. Therefore, it is essential to relieve pain and anxiety in patients undergoing ESWL and pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods are used for this purpose. Pharmacologic methods such as analgesics, opioids and sedative agents are used to reduce pain and anxiety in patients. Since these methods have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, gastric bleeding, respiratory depression, tachycardia, constipation, the use of non-pharmacological methods that can be applied by nurses is increasing. One of the non-pharmacologic methods is the stress ball, which uses the sense of touch to divert attention with cognitive focus. In this simple, reliable, cheap and easily accessible method, pain and anxiety are reduced by directing the mind to the attention-grabbing stimulus.

Conditions

  • Urolithiasis
  • Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

Interventions

OTHER

Stress ball

In addition to the routine treatment and care practices of the outpatient clinic, the patients included in the study group will be applied stress ball during ESWL. The researcher (CK) will explain and show the patients how to apply the stress ball 10 minutes before the procedure. The stress ball will be applied during the ESWL session and a round, medium-hard, high-quality silicone ball with an average diameter of 6 cm will be used. Patients will be asked to take the ball in the palm of their hand and squeeze and release the ball once after counting to three. Patients will be instructed to continue this practice until the end of the ESWL procedure and to pay attention to the stress ball during the procedure. The ball will be washed and cleaned after each use and wiped with disposable asepsis wipes before being given to the patient.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • Mersin University

    lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Model
PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age
18 Years
Sex
ALL
Healthy Volunteers
No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2025-05-28
Primary Completion
2026-05-01
Completion
2026-05-10

Countries

  • Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations

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Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT06846723 on ClinicalTrials.gov