Strength Training in Hypoxia to Improve Bone and Cardiovascular Health of Elderly

Summary

Due to age-related effects, the bone and cardiovascular health are damaged. Physical exercise and in particular the strength training has been proposed as a fundamental tool to these pathologies, especially in the elderly. On the other hand, the use of normobaric hypoxia combined with exercise could have a beneficial synergistic effect on disease prevention and the quality of life of the elderly.

Therefore, the general objective of this project is to analyze the effects of different methods of strength training combined with conditions of normobaric hypoxia on the bone and cardiovascular health of the elderly. This general objective is specified in the following specific objectives:

* To analyze the effects of circuit training with elastic bands on bone mineral density and bone remodelling markers of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To analyze the effects of circuit training with elastic bands on biochemical parameters, inflammatory, endothelial and clinical markers just like cardiovascular risk level of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To analyze the effects of circuit training with elastic bands on body composition and functional capacity of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To analyze the effects of whole-body vibration training on bone mineral density and bone remodelling markers of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To analyze the effects of whole-body vibration training on biochemical parameters, inflammatory, endothelial and clinical markers just like cardiovascular risk level of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To analyze the effects of whole-body vibration training on body composition and functional capacity of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To compare the effects of circuit training with elastic bands versus whole-body vibration training on bone and cardiovascular health of elderly, under normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions.
* To value the normobaric hypoxic environment efficacy on bone and cardiovascular health of elderly subjected to circuit training with elastic bands and whole-body vibration training.

We hypothesize that bone and cardiovascular health will improve in the participants subjected to both resistance training, but greater improved may be found when these protocol are combined with normobaric hypoxia.

Conditions

• Aging Well

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Passive Hypoxia

During 30 minutes of session, the participants will perform an intellectual activity while they will be exposed to normobaric hypoxic conditions in a hypoxic chamber (CAT 310, Lousiville, Colorado). They will inspire oxygen fraction (FiO2) set to 16.1% (0.16)

BEHAVIORAL

Normoxia Circuit Training with Elastic Bands

Each training sessions will consist of a circuit training with elastic bands, where different muscle groups will be involved (pectoral, shoulders, back, arms, thighs, legs and abdominals). Duration of the session will be about 30 minutes, which will include 10 minutes warm-up consisting of slight movements, and 5 minutes of static stretching for the muscles at the end of the sessions. Main section of the sessions will be a circuit that will be composed by 3 sets of 12-15 repetitions of nine different exercises. Subjects will inspire FiO2 of 21.0% (0.21)

BEHAVIORAL

Hypoxia Circuit Training with Elastic Bands

Each training sessions will consist of a circuit training with elastic bands, where different muscle groups will be involved (pectoral, shoulders, back, arms, thighs, legs and abdominals). Duration of the session will be about 30 minutes, which will include 10 minutes warm-up consisting of slight movements, and 5 minutes of static stretching for the muscles at the end of the sessions. Main section of the sessions will be a circuit that will be composed by 3 sets of 12-15 repetitions of nine different exercises. Subjects will inspire FiO2 of 21.0% (0.21)

BEHAVIORAL

Normoxia Vibration

The subjects will perform dynamic and static vibration exercise provide by a commercially available device (Galileo 2000, Novotec GmbH, Pforzheim, Alemania). The duration of the WBV session will be about 30 minutes, which will include 10 minutes warm-up consisting of slight movements, and 5 minutes of static stretching for the muscles. Repetitions of 30 seconds with a frequency of 18.5 Hz will be performed. The rest interval will be 60 seconds between 4 repetitions during weeks 1-12 and 45 seconds between 5 repetitions during weeks 12-24. The vertical amplitude of WBV was set at 2.5 mm. Four stance will be performed on platform. Subjects will inspire FiO2 of 21.0% (0.21)

BEHAVIORAL

Hypoxia Vibration

The subjects will perform dynamic and static vibration exercise provide by a commercially available device (Galileo 2000, Novotec GmbH, Pforzheim, Alemania). The duration of the WBV session will be about 30 minutes, which will include 10 minutes warm-up consisting of slight movements, and 5 minutes of static stretching for the muscles. Repetitions of 30 seconds with a frequency of 18.5 Hz will be performed. The rest interval will be 60 seconds between 4 repetitions during weeks 1-12 and 45 seconds between 5 repetitions during weeks 12-24. The vertical amplitude of WBV was set at 2.5 mm. Four stance will be performance on the platform. Participants will inspire a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 16.1% (0.16)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Extremadura

  lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

FACTORIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

65 Years

Max Age

80 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-02-09

Primary Completion

2021-06-30

Completion

2021-06-30

Countries

• Spain

Study Locations