Effects of Slow-speed Traditional Resistance Training, High-speed Resistance Training and Multicomponent Training With Variable Resistances on Molecular, Body Composition, Neuromuscular, Physical Function and Quality of Life Variables in Older Adults.

Summary

Human aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of multiple physiologic systems, with marked decreases in skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function and quality of life beginning in the sixth decade in life. These deleterious modifications have a significant impact upon mobility and ability to undertake daily living activities in elderly people. If we consider that, according to current projections, the proportion of the European population over 65 years will increase from 17% in 2010 to 30% in 2060 and that physical activity participation rates for older adults (\>60 years) remain low, with only 16% meeting the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines (11% for resistance training), we need to understand what type of training (strategy) can be the most effective for reverse physical impairments, and not only that, but which one obtains greater adherence and self-perception for contribute a healthier, active and more independent elderly population in the future.

Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of 20-week slow-speed traditional resistance training, high-speed resistance training and multicomponent training program with variable resistance (elastic bands) on molecular, body composition, neuromuscular, physical function and quality of life variables in older adults. This research also aims to evaluate if this novel types of training intervention (using variable resistances such as elastic bands in all the training programs and measure the intensity with the OMNI-RES perceived exertion specific for older adults) is feasible in this population, through analysis of adherence, intervention fidelity and self-perception reported.

Conditions

• Aging

Interventions

OTHER

Slow-speed traditional resistance training

The training session will consist in a general warm-up, 6 resistance exercises, including 2 upper limb exercises (elbow curl and chest press), 2 lower limb exercises (lunge and standing hip abduction), and 2 exercises combining both upper and lower limbs at the same time (squat plus upright rowing and squat plus shoulder press) and finally the cooldown routine.The participants will perform in each training session 6 submaximal repetitions equivalent to 85% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) and 3-4 sets per exercise (high intensity training sessions).

OTHER

High-speed resistance training

The participants will perform the same exercises than the TRADICIONAL group with12 submaximal repetitions equivalent to 40-50% 1RM (low-intensity) and 3-4 sets per exercise.

OTHER

Multicomponent training

Participants will perform, in this order, balance exercises followed by resistance/coordination, aerobic/coordination and flexibility exercises in each session. The balance training will consist in static, dynamic and proactive balance exercises. In the resistance training block, the participants will perform 3-4 sets of 15 submaximal repetitions Participants will perform 2 resistance exercises (squat plus upright rowing and lunge) at traditional slow-speed (2s of concentric contraction and 2s of eccentric contraction).The intensity of the aerobic block will progress from 65 to 85% of the maximum heart rate over the training weeks.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Oxidative Pathology Unit of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia.

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• City countil of Valencia. Area of Social welfare, Education and Sport, older people section.

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Municipal Center of Activities for Older People of Campanar, Valencia, Spain

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Municipal Center of Activities for Older People of Nou Benicalap, Valencia, Spain

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• The Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia.

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• LabPsiTec

  collaborator OTHER

• University Clinic of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Physiotherapy CUNAFF, University of Valencia

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Analclinic: clinical analysis laboratories, Valencia, Spain

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• University Institute of Telematics Medicine, Valencia, Spain

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• University of Valencia

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Juan Carlos Colado Sánchez, Full professor · University of Valencia

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

60 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2018-03-05

Primary Completion

2018-07-31

Completion

2018-07-31

Countries

• Spain

Study Locations