Double Knots Versus Triple Knots Facia Closure Method; is There a Difference in Pain Sensation or Cosmetic Satisfaction?

Summary

The study included women who were scheduled for an elective or had an emergency cesarean section. Age, body mass index (BMI), obstetric history, education status, smoking status and C-section indications of the patients were recorded. Patients with a previous suprapubic scar, medical conditions affecting wound healing (such as diabetes or chronic corticosteroid use), those needing a vertical incision (e.g., placenta previa), individuals with postoperative wound infection or under 18 years old were excluded. Data were collected in standardized data form by a research assistant. Pre- and post-surgery treatments and/or interventions were standardized. All patients received antimicrobial prophylaxis with cefazolin before the operation. The abdomen was entered via a transverse suprapubic skin incision and the surgical steps up to the point of facia closure were accomplished in a standard fashion. Technical differences such as blunt and sharp dissection, uterus exteriorization vs in situ, or parietal peritoneum closure were left to the surgeon's discretion. The procedures for facia closure are as follows; in Group I (Double knots group), the edge of the fascia was determined with a Kocher clamp. The fascia was closed starting from the opposite side with a synthetic absorbable multifilament suture in a continuous fashion up to the Kocher clamp and tied the knots with the same single suture (Figure 2; a-b). In Group II (Triple knots group), the edge of the fascia was fixed with the same suture material instead of the Kocher clamp, and the fascia was closed similarly, starting from the opposite corner via the second loop. Then the loops from the first suture were tied to the second suture (Figure 2; c-d). After the incision was irrigated with sterile saline solution, the subcutaneous space was closed if the thickness was 2 cm or more. Skin closure was accomplished with a subcuticular technique using a non-absorbable monofilament suture, which was removed on the 10th day postoperatively. A closed subcutaneous suction drain was not used in any of the patients. Postoperative pain at and around the incision line was measured on the 1st, and 10th days postoperatively on the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale), with "0" being "no pain" and "10" being "the worst pain imaginable." The 1st measurements were made face-to-face, and the 10th-day evaluation was made via telephone interviews by the same research assistant.

Conditions

• Cesarean Section
• Pain
• Cosmetics Sensitivity

Interventions

OTHER

Double knots facia closure method during cesarean section

In Group I (double knots group), the edge of the fascia was identified with a Kocher clamp. A synthetic absorbable multifilament suture was used to close the fascia in a continuous fashion, starting from the opposite side up to the Kocher clamp. The knots were tied with the same single suture. I

OTHER

Triple knots facia closure method during cesarean section

n Group II (triple knots group), the edge of the fascia was fixed with the same suture material instead of the Kocher clamp. The fascia was closed similarly, starting from the opposite corner via the second loop. The loops from the first suture were tied to the second suture.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Adana City Training and Research Hospital

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Sevda Baş, M.D. · Adana City Training and Research Hospital

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

45 Years

Sex

FEMALE

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2022-03-01

Primary Completion

2022-06-01

Completion

2023-01-01

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations