Ketorolac Irrigant on Post Operative Pain

Summary

Endodontic post-treatment pain management is one of the most challenging problems in the clinical practice of endodontics. Although this pain is decreased after root canal treatment, there may be residual symptoms due to inflammation. It has been reported that up to 80% of patients with preoperative pain, will report pain after endodontic treatment, which might range from mild to severe. Management of endodontic pain should involve all steps of treatment including preoperative pain control through accurate diagnosis and reduction of anxiety, intraoperative pain control through effective and profound local anesthetic, operative techniques and that can be achieved through a variety of pharmacologic agents. Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the reason for postoperative pain including the sensitization of nociceptors by inflammatory mediators. Among these chemical inflammatory mediators are the prostaglandins which is the terminal product of arachidonic acid metabolism, through the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Endodontic treatment can cause the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g. prostaglandins, leukotrienes, bradykinin, platelet- activating factor and substance P) into the surrounding periapical tissues, causing pain fibers to be directly stimulated (by bradykinin for instance) or sensitized (by prostaglandins). In addition, the vascular dilation and increased permeability as a consequence of periradicular inflammation, cause edema and increased interstitial tissue response. Single-visit root canal treatment is common in some endodontic practices. However, one of the main concerns with this approach has been the fear of post- operative pain. Mechanical, chemical and microbiological injuries to the peri- radicular tissues during root canal treatment have been suggested as possible causes of post-operative pain. The role of irrigating solutions used during root canal treatment to help control post-operative pain is unclear. While certain studies have observed a reduction in post-operative pain with particular types and concentrations of irrigating solutions, other studies have reported no difference in post-operative pain with the different irrigating solutions .

Conditions

• Acute Irreversible Pulpitis With Apical Periodontitis

Interventions

OTHER

Ketorolac Tromethamine irrigant

Ketorolac tromethamine, a potent NSAID available in both oral and injectable forms, is over 400 times more potent as a selective inhibitor of COX-1 over COX-2 than many other drugs. When ketorolac tromethamine was used as an intracanal medicament in teeth with irreversible pulpitis undergoing root canal treatment, it contributed to significant post operative pain relief.

OTHER

sodium hypochlorite irrigant

NaOCl is the gold standard and the most commonly used root canal irrigant. NaOCl is able to dissolve the organic tissues inside root canal due to its alkalinity (pH11), which causes amino acid degradation and hydrolysis through the production of chloramine molecules. In addition, it possesses highly antibacterial effect and its low cost makes it the most frequently used root canal irrigant. Dual rinse is considered an effective time saving root canal irrigant with a better antibacterial property in comparison to NaOCl alone. In addition to its effectiveness on smear layer removal and reduction in the debris accumulation during root canal instrumentation.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Cairo University

  lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

16 Years

Max Age

60 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2020-08-01

Primary Completion

2021-07-01

Completion

2021-09-01