Postprandial Metabolome and Metabolic Flexibility

Summary

Metabolic flexibility is a process in which the body can switch energy substrates in different physiological states. This flexibility plays an important role in an individual's health because losing it increases the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Considering that humans spend most of their awakening hours in a postprandial (PP) state, an organism's metabolic flexibility (MF) to respond to a standardized meal's consumption would provide information on the individual's metabolic health. The PP response to glucose following an oral glucose tolerance test or consumption of a high-carbohydrate meal is well described; however, few studies assess the FM and PP metabolome using mixed meals with different macronutrients. The investigators address how metabolic flexibility and metabolome change after consuming standardized meals with different macronutrient ratios. Data collection includes clinical and diet information, indirect calorimetry, and capillary blood sampling during fasting and after consumption of standardized meals. Samples are collected weekly for one month. The data will determine the metabolic flexibility and metabolome after consuming standardized meals with different macronutrient ratios.

Conditions

• Fasting
• Postprandial Hyperglycemia
• Lipid Metabolism Disorders
• Glucose Metabolism Disorders
• Insulin Sensitivity

Interventions

OTHER

High carbohydrate challenge

Capillary blood samples will be obtained in the morning after an overnight 8-hour fasting; then, an indirect fasting calorimetry will be performed. After the indirect calorimetry, the metabolic and hormonal response to the test meal is performed. The nutritional composition of the standardized meal is shown below. Energy, 479.6 kcal; Carbohydrate, 83.6%; Lipids, 12.4%, and Protein, 4.0% (70 g of hot cake, 100 g of mango, 270 ml of peach nectar, and 40 g of strawberry jam). The food challenge should be consumed within 15 minutes. After 5 minutes of rest, indirect calorimetry will be postprandially, lasting 30 minutes. Capillary blood shall be obtained at the following times: 15-30-45-60-90 and 120 min after ingestion of food.

OTHER

High lipid challenge

Capillary blood samples will be obtained in the morning after an overnight 8-hour fasting; then, an indirect fasting calorimetry will be performed. After the indirect calorimetry, the metabolic and hormonal response to the test meal is performed. The nutritional composition of the standardized meal is shown below. Energy, 1043.4 kcal; Carbohydrate, 4.9%; Lipids, 86.8%, and Protein, 8.3% (60 g of manchego cheese, 25 g of egg, white, dried, 24 g of bacon, 5 ml of oil, 65 g of cream cheese, 70 g of cream, and 16 g of poblano pepper). The food challenge should be consumed within 15 minutes. After 5 minutes of rest, indirect calorimetry will be postprandially, lasting 30 minutes. Capillary blood shall be obtained at the following times: 15-30-45-60-90 and 120 min after ingestion of food.

OTHER

High proteinchallenge

Capillary blood samples will be obtained in the morning after an overnight 8-hour fasting; then, an indirect fasting calorimetry will be performed. After the indirect calorimetry, the metabolic and hormonal response to the test meal is performed. The nutritional composition of the standardized meal is shown below. Energy, 441.3 kcal; Carbohydrate, 1.6%; Lipids, 5.1%, and Protein, 93.3% (2 scoop Isopure Zero Carb, 180 g of chicken breast, 20 g of lettuce and 24 g of ham turkey breast). The food challenge should be consumed within 15 minutes. After 5 minutes of rest, indirect calorimetry will be postprandially, lasting 30 minutes. Capillary blood shall be obtained at the following times: 15-30-45-60-90 and 120 min after ingestion of food.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico

  collaborator OTHER

• Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica

  lead OTHER_GOV

Principal Investigators

• Berenice Palacios-Gonzalez, PhD · National Institute of Genomic Medicine

• Noemi Meraz-Cruz, PhD · Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Model

CROSSOVER

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

30 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2024-01-08

Primary Completion

2026-01-30

Completion

2026-12-18

Countries

• Mexico

Study Locations