Impact of Sleep Deprivation and Caffeine in Medical Professionals

Summary

While the negative impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive processing and the partial reversal of this phenomenon by caffeine are well known, the types of cognitive processing previously studied have been limited to simple, straight-forward laboratory tasks. It is unclear how sleep deprivation and caffeine affect performance on operationally relevant complex cognitive tasks, like those encountered by working professionals such as doctors. This study aims to uncover how sleep deprivation and caffeine impact two types of clinical reasoning processes encountered by physicians on a daily basis. Previous work from members of our team investigated diagnostic reasoning in medical professionals and discovered that brain activation in executive processing areas was modulated by self-reported sleepiness and burnout and level of expertise (Durning, Costanzo, et al., 2013; Durning et al., 2014, 2015). The current study aims to expand upon those findings by also investigating a potentially more complex type of clinical reasoning, i.e. therapeutic reasoning, and directly manipulating sleep and caffeine use in a controlled sleep laboratory. Medical students, residents, and board-certified physicians will undergo thirty-seven hours of sleep deprivation and ten hours of sleep recovery in the sleep laboratory. During two FMRI scan sessions we will present high-quality validated multiple-choice questions on common patient situations in internal medicine to participants to explore brain activity during therapeutic reasoning compared with diagnostic reasoning. One FMRI scan will occur following a night of sleep deprivation, and another scan will occur following a night of recovery sleep. Additionally, half of the participants will receive caffeine gum during the sleep deprivation period, while the other half will receive placebo gum. This design will allow us to study the effect of sleep deprivation and caffeine on the neural correlates of diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning and performance in general.

Conditions

• Sleep Deprivation
• Performance

Interventions

DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Military Energy Gum

Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) is a central nervous system stimulant that is found naturally in some foods and beverages such as coffee and tea. For this study, caffeine will be administered in the form of gum pellets (Military Energy chewing gum). Each pellet contains 100 mg of caffeine.

DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo Gum

Pellet form placebo gum

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)

  lead FED

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

QUADRUPLE

Model

SEQUENTIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

50 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2017-07-06

Primary Completion

2024-07-09

Completion

2024-07-09

Countries

• United States

Study Locations