The Genetics of Adipose Tissue Function and Its Link to Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Disease

Summary

Obesity is a major risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. However, two obese people of the same height and weight can have very different risks of the condition. As a greater proportion of the population is becoming obese, scientists need to understand more about why some people develop Type 2 diabetes at lower weight and why some people stay healthy despite being obese. The investigators and others provided evidence for genetic factors associated with higher weight for a given height but lower risk of diabetes, lower cholesterol and fat levels, lower blood pressure and lower risk of heart disease. The investigators showed that people who carry these genetic factors are able to store extra fat in a safe place, which is under the skin, as they gain weight. The proposed project aims to establish whether or not these genetic factors are associated with better development and function of fat tissue in storing extra fat. It is thought that a healthy and functional fat tissue in the human body has a key role in modifying the risk of diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and hypertension.

Volunteers from Exeter 10,000 who gave their permission to contact them about further research will be recruited to the study. In those that agree, detailed body size measures, including body composition assessments by the BodPodTM machine will be recorded, a blood sample will be collected, and a small subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsy will be collected to measure fat cell size and from which a sample will be stored for future analyses. The results between people with and without the particular genetic changes of interest will be compared.

Knowing more about these genetic changes and how fat cells work could help to improve understanding of the factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from Type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disturbances.

Conditions

• Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions

PROCEDURE

Abdominal fat biopsy

A sample of abdominal fat will be obtained by firstly injecting some local anaesthetic into an accessible area of the abdomen. Using a scalpel, a small incision (approx 2-3 cm) will be made to a depth of approx 15mm and two small pea-sized samples of fat will be removed. The wound will be closed with simple sutures or steristrips.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Exeter

  collaborator OTHER

• NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility

  collaborator NETWORK

• Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Timothy Frayling, PhD · University of Exeter

Study Design

Allocation

NA

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

75 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-03-07

Primary Completion

2021-05-20

Completion

2021-05-20

Countries

• United Kingdom

Study Locations