Evaluation of Heel Offloading Devices for Reducing Heel Contact Pressures in Healthy Volunteers

Summary

Prevention of heel pressure ulceration is a major clinical concern. Clinical research has shown that heel-offloading devices are effective at preventing heel ulceration when compared to no offloading or sub-optimal offloading methods (i.e. use of a hospital pillow to offload the heel). As a result, a plethora of heel-offloading devices have been developed that utilize different designs and materials to offload the heel. Despite the availability of these devices, some healthcare facilities still employ no heel offloading or utilize sub-optimal heel offloading strategies. It is also difficult for clinicians to compare the effectiveness of different heel offloading device without conducting extensive clinical evaluations. Pressure mapping of the pressure experienced by the heel while offloaded offers a potential method to assess the effectiveness of different heel offloading strategies.

The primary hypothesis of this study is that the three tested heel offloading devices will significantly decrease the heel contact forces compared to no offloading and sub-optimal heel offloading conditions. The secondary objective is to quantify differences in heel contact forces experienced by the heel when placed in each heel offloading device to demonstrate the utility of pressure mapping as a tool to evaluate the effectiveness of different heel offloading devices.

The study will recruit 21 healthy volunteers as research subjects with 7 having a normal BMI, 7 having an overweight BMI, and 7 having an obese BMI. Pressure mapping will be conducted on each research subject for seven randomly applied conditions while the patient lies comfortably in a hospital bed. The seven conditions include no heel offloading, 3 sub-optimal offloading conditions, and offloading in 3 different heel-offloading devices. Pressure measurements corresponding to the heel will be used to determine the average peak pressure contact force for each research subject in each condition.

Conditions

• Heel Pressure Ulceration Prevention Strategies

Interventions

OTHER

Pillow Condition 1

The heel is offloaded by placing the heel on a standard hospital pillow.

OTHER

Pillow Condition 2

The heel is offloaded by placing a standard hospital pillow under the calf suspending the heel above the hospital bed mattress.

DEVICE

Heel Foam Pillow

An economy heel offloading device constructed of egg shell foam.

DEVICE

Offloading Device A

Heel offloading device that utilizes open cell foam to offload the heel. Device has a published clinical study demonstrating effectiveness at reducing heel ulceration rate.

DEVICE

Offloading Device B

Heel offloading device that utilizes pressure absorbing filling to offload the heel. Device has a published clinical study demonstrating effectiveness at reducing heel ulceration rate

DEVICE

Offloading Device C

Heel offloading device that utilizes a similar pressure absorbing filling to Offloading Device B; however this device does not have published clinical literature demonstrating effectiveness at reducing heel ulceration in the clinic.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Lincoln Memorial University

  collaborator OTHER

• DeRoyal Industries, Inc.

  lead INDUSTRY

Principal Investigators

• Jennifer Savage, DNP · Lincoln Memorial University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

SINGLE

Model

CROSSOVER

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2016-06-30

Primary Completion

2016-11-30

Completion

2016-11-30

Countries

• United States

Study Locations