Dietary Interventions in Type 2 Obese Diabetic Patients in the Community

Summary

Obese patients with type 2 diabetes often fail to loose weight and thus do not succeed in improving their sugar and lipid profiles and remain at high risk for diabetes complications

The study enrolled 259 obese diabetic patients attending HMO clinics in central Israel. Over a 6 month period the participants met with a dietitian every fortnight and attended group lectures every 2 months.

The objective of this intervention was to compare three dietary intervention along with close monitoring of the patients by dietitians, regarding blood lipid and sugar balance as well as weight loss. The three diets are the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet from 2003; a diet containing low glycemic index carbohydrate otherwise similar to the ADA diet; and a low glycemic index diet with more fat than the other 2 diets with high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids.

Patients were individually randomized to receive one of the three diets. Among the measures obtained every 3 months for the first year and every 6 months thereafter are weight, fasting insulin and glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood and urine chemistry profiles and lipid profile.

Conditions

• Diabetes Type 2

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

MUFA diet

Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). MUFA diet included only low glycemic index carbohydrates. The diet consisted of 35% carbohydrates and 45% fat (50% of them were mono-unsaturated fatty acids \[MUFA\]). Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week.

BEHAVIORAL

ADA 2003

Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). The carbohydrates are with mixed glycemic index. The diet contains 50-55% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 15-20% protein. Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week.

BEHAVIORAL

Low Glycemic index (LGI) diet

Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). LGI diet included only low glycemic index carbohydrates. The diet consisted of 50-55% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 20%. protein. Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition

  collaborator OTHER

• Clalit Health Services

  collaborator OTHER

• Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Drora Fraser, PhD · Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

30 Years

Max Age

65 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2004-03-31

Completion

2008-02-29

Countries

• Israel