Effects of Pain Neuroscience Education on Pain Attitudes and Beliefs in Physiotherapy Assistant Students

Summary

The goal of this educational trial is to learn whether Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) improves pain-related attitudes and beliefs in physiotherapy assistant (PTA) students in Turkey compared to traditional pain education. The main questions this study aims to answer are:

Does a single-session PNE-based education improve students' beliefs about the relationship between pain and disability? Does it reduce reliance on biomedical (organic) pain beliefs compared to traditional pain education? In this study, researchers will compare PNE-based education to traditional pain education, both delivered through 70-minute lectures.

Participants were randomly assigned to either the PNE group or the traditional education group, attended a one time 70-minute classroom lecture, completed questionnaires at three time points: before the session, immediately after, and 3 months later.

The main tools used will be the Health Care Providers' Pain Attitudes and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS) and the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ), which includes organic and psychological subscales.

This study aims to support the integration of contemporary pain neuroscience content into physiotherapy assistant curricula to enhance biopsychosocial understanding at an early stage of professional education.

Conditions

• Musculoskeletal Pain

Interventions

OTHER

Traditional pain education

Participants in the control group received a 70-minute lecture based on the biomedical model of pain. Educational content included anatomical pathways for pain process (receptors, Aδ and C fibers, spinal cord, and ascending tracts), mechanisms of action potential generation, and the Gate Control Theory. The role of the brain was briefly addressed in the context of descending inhibition. While the Neuromatrix Theory was mentioned, the presentation lacked metaphorical or narrative-based content. Case examples centered on inflammation and tissue injury.

OTHER

PNE-based education

Students in the intervention group received a 70-minute lecture grounded in the biopsychosocial model of pain. The session emphasized that pain is not a direct result of tissue damage, but rather a complex and context-dependent output of the brain. The lecture explored how pain emerges from the brain's interpretation of various inputs, including sensory signals, prior experiences, beliefs, emotions, and environmental factors. Instructional strategies included the use of clinically relevant metaphors and storytelling to promote reconceptualization of pain. Examples such as "the alarm system" were used to illustrate peripheral and central sensitization, while real-life anecdotes (a player unaware of injury during a game or a nail-in-foot case with no significant damage) highlighted the dissociation between nociception and pain experience.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Pamukkale University

  collaborator OTHER

• Akdeniz University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Hatice Gül · Akdeniz University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

65 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2024-12-12

Primary Completion

2024-12-12

Completion

2025-03-12

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations