Effects of Calorie Restriction and Cold Stimuli on Health-related Indicators, Cognitive and Motor Functions

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial was to identify if duration of acute calorie restriction (CR)/fasting or combination CR with cold stimuli have any effects on mental and physical health-related markers, and to clarify if different fasting strategies have any effect on cognitive and motor functioning efficiency in different genders.

The main questions it aims to answer were:

* Does fasting duration have any effect on fasting evoked responses?
* Does cold interventions can modulate fasting evoked responses?
* Does sex have any effect on acute fasting evoked responses?

For the first part, participants were randomly classified into 4 groups: two experimental groups: 2-days of CR (0 kcal diet) and 6-days of CR (0 kcal diet), and two control groups: 2-days or 6-days usual diet. For the second part, participants were randomly assigned to undergo the following conditions: 2-days of CR with two 10-min whole-body cold-water immersions on separate days, 2-days of CR without cold-water immersion, 2-days without CR with two 10-min whole-body cold-water immersions on separate days, or 2-days of the usual diet without cold-water immersion in a randomized crossover fashion. Changes in anthropometric characteristics, perceived stress, metabolism, overall health (total blood count, sex hormones, etc.), psycho-emotional state, cognitive and motor functions were examined.

Conditions

• Calorie Deficiency
• Fasting
• Cold Exposure

Interventions

OTHER

2-days of zero calorie restriction and whole-body cold-water immersion

The 2-days (48 hours) of zero-calorie restricted diet (with water provided ad libitum) with two whole-body cold-water immersion sessions on separate days. During cooling procedures, the participant was immersed in 14° water bath in semi recumbent position up to the level of the manubrium for 10 min.

OTHER

6-days of calorie restriction

The 6-days (144 hours) of prescribed zero-calorie prescribed diet with water provided ad libitum.

OTHER

2-days of zero calorie restriction without whole-body cold-water immersion

2 days (48 hours) of prescribed zero-calorie diet with water provided ad libitum .

OTHER

2-days of usual diet with whole-body cold-water immersion

Two whole-body cold-water immersion sessions on separate days. During cooling procedures, the participant was immersed in 14° water bath in semi recumbent position up to the level of the manubrium for 10 min. During intervention, participants were instructed to maintain their previous eating habits.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Lithuanian Sports University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Katerina Židonienė · Lithuanian Sports University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

40 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2021-02-08

Primary Completion

2022-09-05

Completion

2022-10-05

Countries

• Lithuania

Study Locations