Positive Expiratory Pressure With Blow-bottle Device Versus EPAP After Postoperative Cardiac Surgery

Summary

Cardiac surgery is a recommended therapeutic option as a form of secondary prevention for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but may present postoperative alterations such as reduction of pulmonary volumes and flows, impairment in gas exchange and increase in the rate of pulmonary complications. The use of positive pressure may reduce these complications. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) in the blow-bottle device compared to expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP), both associated with conventional physiotherapy, and conventional physiotherapy in the pulmonary function in postoperative cardiac patients through a randomized clinical trial. Methods: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital de Clínicas of Porto Alegre (CAEE: 70213617.6.0000.5327). Patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized into three groups: positive expiratory pressure with blow-bottle device associated with conventional physiotherapy (G1), positive expiratory pressure in the airways with unidirectional valve associated with conventional physiotherapy (G2), and the third group only the conventional physiotherapy of HCPA cardiac intensive care unit (G3). Initially, an evaluation was performed through spirometry, manovacuometry, radiological changes in the preoperative period, prior to the interventions (immediate postoperative) and on the third postoperative day, immediately prior to cardiac intensive care unit discharge. Pulmonary complications were assessed on the third postoperative day, and length of stay (at the Intensive Care Unit and hospital) were recorded untill discharge.

Conditions

• Thoracic Surgery

Interventions

OTHER

PEP in a blow-bottle device

A 500-milliliter enteral nutrition vial will be used, which will contain a hole in the side, where two silicone tubes of 20 centimeters long will be inserted together with tape on the bottleneck of the vial. To perform the exercise, the vial will be filled with water leaving a water column of 10 cm high. Deep inspirations will be requested at a volume greater than the tidal volume and less than the total lung capacity that can be performed via nasal or oral, then with the mouth connected to the extensors, the patient will exhale slowly, avoiding to totally empty the lungs. The protocol will be executed twice a day, three sets of ten repetitions. The group will receive the conventional physiotherapy of the cardiac intensive care unit of the HCPA.

OTHER

EPAP

The Vital Signs ® EPAP kit will be used. Exercises will be performed in the bed, and as soon as the patient is released by the medical team to leave the bed, they can be performed in the sitting position or in orthostasis. For performing the exercise, the EPAP mask will be connected to the face of the patient. The expiratory pressure will be adjusted to 10cmH2O. Deep inspirations will be requested at a volume greater than the tidal volume and below the total lung capacity, then the patient will exhale slowly. The protocol will be executed twice a day, three sets of ten repetitions. The group will receive the conventional physiotherapy of the cardiac intensive care unit of the HCPA, as described in the conventional physiotherapy group.

OTHER

conventional physiotherapy

Conventional physical therapy consists of ventilatory exercises, bronchial hygiene techniques, passive, active-assisted or active exercises for upper and lower limbs, and resisted lower limb exercises; stretching, cough and walking guidelines. Initially the exercises will be performed in the bed, as soon as this is withdrawn and the patient is released by the medical team to leave the bed, the progression of the exercises to be performed in the sitting position, orthostasis, and ambulation is performed, this usually occurs on the 2nd postoperative day, after the removal of the mediastinal drain . Under supervision of the physiotherapist, the protocol will be performed twice daily, two sets of ten repetitions.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL (UFRGS)

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Graciele Sbruzzi, doctor · HCPA

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2018-08-01

Primary Completion

2019-05-20

Completion

2019-08-23

Countries

• Brazil

Study Locations