Effect of Modifying Anti-platelet Treatment to Ticagrelor in Patients With Diabetes and Low Response to Clopidogrel

Summary

In recent years numerous studies have shown that the response of patients to the anti-platelet drug clopidogrel is widely variable. Furthermore, patients who do not respond well to the drug ("resistant") have been shown to be at increased risk to develop cardiac events, including myocardial infarction and mortality. It thus seems reasonable to test the efficacy of the drug (by platelet function tests) and modify treatment accordingly. However, a large study that examined a strategy of routine testing of clopidogrel response in thousands of patients (GRAVITAS study) did not show any clinical benefit. This study was limited, however, by a very low event rate (2.3%), and by the strategy employed to treat patients with low response (increasing the clopidogrel dose), which is currently known to be ineffective in many patients with low response. To overcome these limitations the investigators plan to examine a high risk population - patients with diabetes planned to undergo coronary angiography - and to treat clopidogrel low responders by switching their treatment to the potent anti-platelet drug ticagrelor, which has been shown to overcome clopidogrel low response.

The investigators hypothesize that patients with diabetes and low response to clopidogrel will benefit clinically from switching therapy to ticagrelor. The main endpoint of the study will be the risk of myocardial enzyme elevation following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); a marker which has been strongly associated with poor clinical outcome.

The aim of the study is, therefore, to assess whether a strategy of monitoring platelet function during clopidogrel treatment in patients with diabetes undergoing PCI, and modifying treatment to ticagrelor in patients with low response, will be associated with reduced risk of myocardial enzyme release.

The investigators plan to enroll patients with treated diabetes, planned to undergo coronary angiography. Patients with acute or recent myocardial infarction will be excluded. They will be tested for response to clopidogrel by the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay (either on chronic clopidogrel treatment or 12-24 hours after receiving 300 mg clopidogrel). Patients with low response to clopidogrel (≥ 208 PRU) will be randomized to either continued treatment with clopidogrel (75 mg/day), or switching of treatment to ticagrelor (90 mg twice a day) for 30 days (followed by continued clopidogrel therapy). The primary endpoint will be the rate of troponin of CK-MB (cardiac enzymes) measured 20-24 hours after the PCI. Secondary endpoints will be the occurrence of adverse clinical endpoints - myocardial infarction, need for urgent revascularization or mortality at 30 days. The investigators aim to enroll 100 patients in each study group (ticagrelor vs. continued clopidogrel). Assuming a clopidogrel low response rate of 40% among patients with diabetes, about 500 patients would have to be screened to identify 200 patients with low response.

Conditions

• Diabetes Mellitus
• Coronary Disease

Interventions

DRUG

Ticagrelor

Ticagrelor will be given (to patients with low response to clopidogrel randomized to the Ticagrelor group) at a dose of 180 mg given 1-2 hours before the coronary angiography, followed by 90 mg twice a day for 30 days after the PCI. After 30 days the patient's treatment will be switched back to clopidogrel (to complete 1 year of treatment).

DRUG

Continued clopidogrel

Patients with low response to clopidogrel randomized to continued clopidogrel treatment will be given an additional 300 mg of clopidogrel loading 1-2 hours before coronary angiography (in addition to the previous 300 mg load or chronic clopidogrel therapy the patient received), followed by 75 mg a day for 1 year after the PCI

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Tel Aviv Medical Center

  collaborator OTHER

• Sheba Medical Center

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• Meir Medical Center

  collaborator OTHER

• Rambam Health Care Campus

  collaborator OTHER

• Rabin Medical Center

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Eli I Lev, MD · Rabin Medical Center

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

30 Years

Max Age

80 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2012-08-31

Primary Completion

2014-09-30

Completion

2014-10-31

Countries

• Israel

Study Locations