Effect of Intermittent Fasting and Mediterranean Diet on Body Composition and Nutritional Intake

Summary

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, diabetes, stroke, and chronic lung diseases are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and account for a significant portion of deaths worldwide. In Turkey, it is estimated that 90% of all deaths are due to NCDs, with 34% due to CVD, 23% due to cancer, 7% due to chronic lung disease, and 5% due to diabetes.

Inadequate and unbalanced nutrition and lack of physical activity contribute to the development of non-communicable diseases. Risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity are effective in increasing NCDs. In Turkey, it has been found that 32% of NCD-related deaths in individuals over 18 years of age and 10% in adolescents aged 10-19 years are due to obesity risk factors.

All overweight and obese adults with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥25 are at risk of developing hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, and CVD. Preventing obesity is effective in preventing these diseases. Weight loss is important in the treatment and prevention of obesity. Changes in body weight are focused on changes in diet and physical activity. Creating an energy deficit is necessary to achieve weight loss, and there are different dietary approaches to reduce energy intake. The Mediterranean diet model and the Intermittent Fasting model are important and being researched in this context.

Conditions

• Obesity & Overweight

Interventions

OTHER

Mediterranean diet

The participants in the study were divided into two different diet groups: Mediterranean diet (MD) and intermittent fasting (IF). The "Harris Benedict" formula was used to calculate the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) of the individuals. For men, the BMR was calculated as 66.5 + (13.7516 × weight in kg) + (5.0033 × height in cm) - (6.755 × age in years); for women, the BMR was calculated as 655.1 + (9.5634 × weight in kg) + (1.8496 × height in cm) - (4.6756 × age in years). Physical activity level (PAL) was determined as follows: sedentary physical activity level 1-1.39; light physical activity level 1.4-1.59; moderate physical activity level 1.6-1.89; and heavy physical activity level 1.9-2.5. Total energy expenditure (TED) was calculated using the formula: TED (kcal/day) = BMR (kcal/day) x PAL (Ministry of Health, 2017). For the group following the Mediterranean diet, diet plans were prepared containing 35-40% carbohydrates, 15-20% protein, and 35-45% fat of daily energy. A nutritional pr

OTHER

intermittent fasting

The participants in the study were divided into two different diet groups: Mediterranean diet (MD) and intermittent fasting (IF). The "Harris Benedict" formula was used to calculate the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) of the individuals. For men, the BMR was calculated as 66.5 + (13.7516 × weight in kg) + (5.0033 × height in cm) - (6.755 × age in years); for women, the BMR was calculated as 655.1 + (9.5634 × weight in kg) + (1.8496 × height in cm) - (4.6756 × age in years). Physical activity level (PAL) was determined as follows: sedentary physical activity level 1-1.39; light physical activity level 1.4-1.59; moderate physical activity level 1.6-1.89; and heavy physical activity level 1.9-2.5. Total energy expenditure (TED) was calculated using the formula: TED (kcal/day) = BMR (kcal/day) x PAL (Ministry of Health, 2017). Individuals in the intermittent fasting group also had time restrictions applied in addition to the Mediterranean diet group. Time preferences were determined as 16/8, 14

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Selcuk University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Ebru Bayrak, assistant professor · Selcuk University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

65 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2023-02-18

Primary Completion

2023-05-18

Completion

2023-10-30

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations