MedTrace Logo

Vocalization and Spontaneous Pushing in the Second Stage of Labor

NCT07316348 · Status: ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION · Phase: NA · Type: INTERVENTIONAL · Enrollment: 112

Last updated 2026-02-24

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

The second stage of labor, defined as the period from full cervical dilatation to fetal birth, is a critical phase in which maternal pushing techniques may significantly affect maternal and neonatal outcomes (1-5). Evidence indicates that directed Valsalva pushing may be associated with maternal apnea, increased fatigue, pelvic floor injury, and adverse fetal effects, whereas spontaneous pushing with an open glottis supports physiological birth processes (2,5-11). The World Health Organization recommends encouraging women to follow their natural pushing urges and supports the use of open-glottis pushing techniques to promote a positive childbirth experience (12).

Vocalization pushing is an open-glottis maneuver involving intentional low-tone sound production during exhalation, which may facilitate pelvic floor relaxation, improve pain management, and enhance the birth experience (9-11). However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of vocalization pushing is limited, and data from Türkiye are lacking. This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the effects of vocalization and spontaneous pushing techniques during the second stage of labor on labor duration, pain intensity, perineal trauma, maternal fatigue, and childbirth experience.

Conditions

  • Maternal Pushing Techniques
  • Perineal Trauma
  • Maternal Fatigue
  • Labor

Interventions

PROCEDURE

The vocalization straining technique will be used.

During the second stage of labor, vocalization pushing techniques (using the vowels A, O, and U to exhale in deep tones) will be encouraged, and the mother's pushing will be observed.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

    lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

  • Yasemin Dinçel · Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Study Design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
TRIPLE
Model
PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age
18 Years
Sex
FEMALE
Healthy Volunteers
Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2025-03-15
Primary Completion
2025-03-20
Completion
2026-03-15

Countries

  • Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations

More Related Trials

Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT07316348 on ClinicalTrials.gov