Optimized CT-imaging Protocol in VA-ECMO Patients After CPR

Summary

Veno-arterial (VA) extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an increasingly applied method in patients under cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), who are regularly examined with a contrast-enhanced computed tomography to search for the underlying pathology as well as complications from the implantation of the ECMO system or CPR. The extraordinary hemodynamic situation due to VA-cannulation with antegrade and retrograde perfusion is a challenge to the diagnostically required simultaneous opacification of pulmonary and systemic arterial vessels. Evidence regarding the effect of ECMO flow rate, cannula position, cardiac function and contrast agent injection site is scarce and to the best of the authors' knowledge, no standardized scan protocol for this patient collective exists.

In this study, all adult emergency department patients at our institution with femoro-femoral VA-ECMO and ongoing or recent cardiopulmonary resuscitation, who are referred to a clinically indicated CT scan in this context, will be included, aiming for a total of n=50 patients. The first 25 consecutive patients will be assigned to the intervention cohort. For these patients the ECMO flow rate is reduced by a maximum of 50% of initial flow, but to no less than 1,5 liter/min, for the duration of the CT scan (max. 1-2 minutes), given the hemodynamic and respiratory situation allows it. The following 25 consecutive patients will be assigned to the control cohort for whom ECMO flow rate is not reduced. Clinical data (e.g. ECMO flow rate, ventilation parameters, cardiac function, venous line for contrast injection) at the time of imaging will be documented via a standardized data sheet. The applied CT protocol routinely comprises a non-contrast-enhanced cranial CT (CCT), CT angiography (CTA) of the aorta as well as a portal-venous phase of the chest and abdomen. Complementary scans will be performed as clinically indicated.

The aim of this single-center prospective cohort study is to evaluate the performance of an optimized CT protocol for this patient cohort and whether a reduction of ECMO flow rate improves contrast enhancement of critically relevant vessels in these CT examinations in comparison to a non-reduction cohort.

Conditions

• Cardiopulmonary Arrest
• VA-ECMO

Interventions

DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

ECMO flow rate reduction

ECMO flow rate is reduced for the duration of CT image acquisition (max. 1-2 min.), if the hemodynamic and respiratory situation allows it. Feasibility is determined by the accompanying emergency physician right before the CT scan and adapted to the individually tolerable level (max. 50% of initial flow, no less than 1,5 litre/min). After image acquisition, ECMO flow rate is immediately returned to the initial or clinically optimal value at this moment.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Medical University of Vienna

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Dietmar Tamandl, MD, Assoc.-Prof. · Medical University of Vienna

Study Design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

DIAGNOSTIC

Masking

NONE

Model

SEQUENTIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2022-02-01

Primary Completion

2024-07-01

Completion

2025-03-31

Countries

• Austria

Study Locations