Episodic Future Thinking to Improve Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Remote Delivery and Outcomes Assessment

Summary

Successful management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) requires adherence to a dietary, physical activity, and medication plan agreed upon between a patient and their healthcare providers. The lifestyle changes involved in these collaborative care plans (CCPs) often provide little to no short-term benefit and may instead be aversive (e.g., caloric restriction and physical activity). However, these changes provide critical health benefits in the future, allowing patients with T2D to halt or reverse disease progression and avoid T2D-related complications (e.g., renal disease or diabetic retinopathy). Thus, successful management of T2D requires one's present behavior to be guided by future outcomes. Unfortunately, accumulating evidence indicates that individuals with T2D and prediabetes show elevated rates of delay discounting (i.e., devaluation of delayed consequences). Moreover, high rates of delay discounting are cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with poor treatment adherence and clinical outcomes in T2D and prediabetes. These data suggest that high rates of delay discounting prevent successful management of T2D through a mechanism in which the health benefits of lifestyle changes are too delayed to motivate behavioral change. Thus, we believe delay discounting serves as a therapeutic target in T2D, where improving participants' valuation of the future will facilitate healthy lifestyle changes and, in turn, improve T2D management. This study will conduct a randomized 24-week remote clinical trial comparing repeated measures ANOVA, with group (episodic future thinking \[EFT\]/control) and area (urban vs. rural) as between-subjects factors, and time (baseline, week 8, and week 24 assessments) as within-subjects factors in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Conditions

• Type 2 Diabetes
• Overweight and Obesity

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Episodic Future Thinking

Participants will be prompted three times daily to think vividly about personally meaningful future events.

BEHAVIORAL

Healthy Information Thinking

Participants will be prompted three times daily to think about their responses to informational health vignettes.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Carilion Clinic

  collaborator OTHER

• University at Buffalo

  collaborator OTHER

• Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Jeffrey Stein, PhD · Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2022-07-20

Primary Completion

2025-01-15

Completion

2025-04-15

Countries

• United States

Study Locations