Biopsychosocial and Conventional Approach in Bladder Pain Syndrome

Summary

The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of biopsychosocial and conventional approach on symptom severity, pain parameters (pain intensity and pain cognitions), disability, psychological distress and quality of life in patients who are suffering from bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis. The study is designed as a randomized clinical trial including two parallel arms.

Individuals who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate will be randomly assigned into one of the two research arms: biopsychosocial approach group or conventional approach group. A biopsychosocial approach, which is a holistic approach that includes pain neuroscience education, relaxation training and cognitive exercises, will be applied to the patients in the first research arm for the treatment of chronic pain symptoms. For the patients in the second research arm, a conventional approach including pelvic floor stretching exercises and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) will be applied for the treatment of chronic pain complaints. Treatments will be lasted for a total of six weeks, with two sessions per week. Participants will be evaluated at the baseline (before treatments) and at the end of the 6th week (after treatments). In the evaluations, information about the demographic and physical characteristics, medical and surgical background, medications and lifestyle characteristics (water, tea, coffee, alcohol, cigarette consumption, the presence constipation and physical activity level) of the individuals will be recorded. For primary or secondary outcome measures, Interstitial Cystitis Symptom and Problem Index, Visual Analog Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, 3-day voiding diary, Pain Disability Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Short Form-36 will be used. The present study is planned to be carried out with a total of 60 individuals, 30 for each study group based on a sample size analysis.

After reaching required sample for the present study, in patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, the effects of biopsychosocial and conventional approach on symptom and problem severity, pain parameters, disability, psychological status and quality of life will be analyzed using (2\*2) two-way ANOVA.

Conditions

• Interstitial Cystitis
• Bladder Pain Syndrome

Interventions

OTHER

Pain Neuroscience Education

main topics of pain neuroscience education; neurophysiology of the nervous system, protective mechanism of pain, acute pain formation and chronic pain, factors that increase/reduce pain, central sensitization mechanism, neuroplasticity and treatment strategies in chronic pain.

OTHER

Relaxation exercises

Relaxation exercises are a training based on deep relaxation techniques and visual imagery. Relaxation exercises will be applied at the end of the training sessions.

OTHER

Cognition target exercise

Cognition target exercises are a time-based approach that is not symptom-conditioned (not based on fatigue or pain). It includes functional and dynamic exercises.

OTHER

Pelvic floor stretching exercises

Pelvic floor stretching exercises; consists of stretching exercises involving the pelvic floor muscles and surrounding group muscles (such as piriformis, hamstring, adductor group muscles and lumbar extensors).

DEVICE

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

It will be used with superficial electrodes attached to the suprapubic region of the patients for 20 minutes in each session.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hacettepe University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Ceren Gürşen, PhD · Hacettepe University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2021-11-12

Primary Completion

2022-10-15

Completion

2022-10-15

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations