Efficacy of Eccentric Versus Isometric Exercise in Reducing Pain in Runners With Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy

Summary

Tendon injuries are the most common injuries in sports. They are difficult to treat and cause prolonged absence and decreased athlete performance. Proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT) is one of them. First described by Puranen and Orava in 1988 as hamstring syndrome. This injury is most common in the active population.

PHT is a chronic degenerative injury that is produced by mechanical overload and repetitive stretch. Risk factors include overuse, poor lumbopelvic stability and relative weakness of the hamstring muscles. The phenomenon manifests itself with deep pain in the ischial tuberosity area and projection to the posterior thigh, pain during prolonged sitting, pain during hip flexion and knee extension and pain that increases or arises during running, especially during the swing phase.

Risk factors are divided into internal (systemic and biomechanical) and external factors. Internal factors associated with systemic characteristics, include advanced age, sex, obesity, genetics, inflammation and autoimmune conditions, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and drug use. The external factors, which are more modifiable, are those that depend on the patient's external environment and include training errors such as increasing training volume and / or intensity too quickly and insufficient recovery that cause an overload on the tendon.

For PHT two conditions are considered provocative - energy storage, an action that is typical in the late swing phase while running and repetitive movements that cause compressive forces of the tendon on ischial tuberosity. Compressive forces increase as the hip or trunk flex which explains why training errors such as an increase in volume or intensity of the training and non-gradual change in training type, such as hurdle or hills training, are considered to be factors involved in PHT.

PHT treatment options include physiotherapy, shock waves, Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatments for tendinopathy includes gradual loading of the tendon under the supervision of the level of pain. The load on the tendon causes an increase in collagen synthesis and an increase in the stiffness and capacity of the tendon which ultimately helps return the athlete to function and reduces the level of pain.

Although the injury mechanism is common among runners and athletes from various endurance disciplines (medium and long distance runners, triathletes, etc.) the phenomenon and its treatment has not been sufficiently studied within this population.

Conditions

• Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy
• Tendinopathy
• Eccentric Exercise
• Isometric Exercise
• Hamstring Tendon Injury

Interventions

OTHER

Eccentric protocol

Participants in this arm will perform progressive eccentric exercise protocol

OTHER

Isometric protocol

Participants in this arm will perform progressive isometric exercise protocol

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center

  collaborator OTHER_GOV

• University of Haifa

  lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

40 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2021-01-31

Primary Completion

2021-07-31

Completion

2021-09-30