Integration of mHEALTH Into the Care of Patients With Sickle Cell Disease to Increase Hydroxyurea Utilization

Summary

This project proposes to develop, test and evaluate targeted interventions to improve clinical provider prescribing of and patient adherence to hydroxyurea (HU). Using a stepped-wedge design, The investigators will test two innovative interventions utilizing mobile health to address both patients' and providers' needs: 1) an mHealth application for patients (InCharge Health app) that includes multi-component features to address the memory, motivation, and knowledge barriers to hydroxyurea use, and 2) an mHealth toolbox application for providers (HU Toolbox app) that addresses clinical knowledge barriers in prescribing and monitoring hydroxyurea use. These two interventions will be tested through the following aims:

Aim 1. Improve Patient Adherence to Hydroxyurea: Addressing Memory, Motivation, and Knowledge Barriers to Hydroxyurea Use. Primary hypothesis: The investigators hypothesize that among adolescents and adults with SCD, the adherence to hydroxyurea, as measured by percentage of days covered (PDC), will increase by at least 20% at 24 weeks after receiving the InCharge Health app, compared to their hydroxyurea adherence at baseline.

Sub-aim 1.a. To examine and assess both patient engagement and behaviors related to use of the InCharge Health app, the investigators will evaluate consistent use of the app among enrolled patients, patient satisfaction, and continued use of the app beyond the study period.

Sub-Aim 1.b. To examine the clinical influence of the use of the InCharge Health app on PDC, patients' clinical outcomes, perceived health literacy, health related quality of life, and perceived self-efficacy between baseline and 24 weeks.

Aim 2. Improve Provider Hydroxyurea Awareness, Prescribing and Monitoring Behaviors.

Sub-Aim 2.a. To examine and assess provider engagement and behaviors related to use of the HU Toolbox, the investigators will evaluate consistent use of the app among enrolled providers, providers' satisfaction, and continued use of the app beyond the study period.

Sub-Aim 2.b. To assess the combined effects of the patient and provider mHealth interventions on hydroxyurea and health care utilization, the investigators will examine if the changes in hydroxyurea adherence are enhanced by the use of both provider and patient interventions compared to those not exposed to one or both interventions.

Aim 3. Identify and Evaluate the Barriers and Facilitators to the use of mHealth Interventions.

Conditions

• Sickle Cell Disease

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

InCharge Health mobile application

The InCharge Health app features include: Daily reminders; Ability to customize content of message and time of day when the message comes; Symptom tracker to monitor daily pain and mood; 7-day streak that tracks daily adherence; Graphing adherence against pain symptoms; Communication feature allowing the patient to connect to the clinic and a "health partner"; Link to discussion forum where communication to other patients can occur; Education bank that provides information about SCD and hydroxyurea. Participants can delay daily push notifications. If hospitalized, participants may stop notifications. A special feature of the app is to set up a "health partner", who may be a person the participant may choose from his/her contact list and who will receive notifications if it had been \<4 hours since not documenting the use of hydroxyurea. The "app healthy partner" will be encouraged to message the participant to remind him/her to take the medication.

BEHAVIORAL

HU Toolbox mobile application

The HU Toolbox app includes algorithms for hydroxyurea use and is ready for immediate use on Apple and Android operating systems. In addition, it has the NHLBI guidelines adapted for pediatrics (guidelines/recommendations separated by age) and for adults (guidelines/ recommendations separated by organ system, laboratory, or physical exam finding). The HU Toolbox app includes the ability to search guidelines for key words and add notes. Algorithms are also included as PDF documents that can be printed out or emailed. Finally, a contact list of local SCD specialists and important contacts is included, so providers can easily contact SCD experts and expect an answer in 24 hours or less. The HU Toolbox app is easily updated with all data and resources stored on a cloud-based server that can provide instant up-to-date information to those using the app.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• RTI International

  collaborator OTHER

• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

  collaborator NIH

• University of Memphis

  collaborator OTHER

• St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Jane Hankins, MD · St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Study Design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Masking

NONE

Model

SEQUENTIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

15 Years

Max Age

45 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-11-11

Primary Completion

2022-04-06

Completion

2022-08-31

Countries

• United States

Study Locations