Trial Outcomes & Findings for Key Dimensions of PTSD and ED (NCT NCT03778307)

NCT ID: NCT03778307

Last Updated: 2026-07-24

Results Overview

FMD is the percent difference in diameter of the brachial artery, before and after occlusion. Impaired endothelial function occurs when blood vessels are unable to dilate fully in response to nitric oxide synthesis and release, which is manifested as impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation (i.e., lower FMD). Lower FMD has been associated with the degree of coronary atherosclerosis and predicts CVD events.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

168 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2026-07-24

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Overall Study
STARTED
86
82
Overall Study
COMPLETED
86
82
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Key Dimensions of PTSD and ED

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=82 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=86 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Total
n=168 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
42.63 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.62 • n=9 Participants
34.25 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.41 • n=27 Participants
38.34 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.22 • n=267 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
45 Participants
n=9 Participants
49 Participants
n=27 Participants
94 Participants
n=267 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
37 Participants
n=9 Participants
37 Participants
n=27 Participants
74 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
1 Participants
n=9 Participants
2 Participants
n=27 Participants
3 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
18 Participants
n=9 Participants
18 Participants
n=27 Participants
36 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
0 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
9 Participants
n=9 Participants
12 Participants
n=27 Participants
21 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
37 Participants
n=9 Participants
35 Participants
n=27 Participants
72 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
8 Participants
n=9 Participants
7 Participants
n=27 Participants
15 Participants
n=267 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
9 Participants
n=9 Participants
12 Participants
n=27 Participants
21 Participants
n=267 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
25 Participants
n=9 Participants
28 Participants
n=27 Participants
53 Participants
n=267 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
57 Participants
n=9 Participants
58 Participants
n=27 Participants
115 Participants
n=267 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
0 Participants
n=267 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Some participants had unusable FMD data (e.g., due to poor image quality, movement during the protocol).

FMD is the percent difference in diameter of the brachial artery, before and after occlusion. Impaired endothelial function occurs when blood vessels are unable to dilate fully in response to nitric oxide synthesis and release, which is manifested as impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation (i.e., lower FMD). Lower FMD has been associated with the degree of coronary atherosclerosis and predicts CVD events.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=74 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=76 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Flow-mediated Dilation of the Brachial Artery (FMD) %
5.52 % change in brachial artery diameter
Standard Deviation 2.16
6.18 % change in brachial artery diameter
Standard Deviation 2.91

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Some participants were unable to provide blood samples for quantifying EMPs or had unusable data for flow cytometry analyses.

EMPs expressing CD62E (i.e., endothelial cell activation) and CD31 (i.e., endothelial cell apoptosis) will be measured. Assessments of circulating EMPs will be measured using flow cytometry, and total flow cytometry counts will be converted to the number of EMPs per uL of blood. Higher concentrations of EMPs expressing CD62E and CD31 indicate greater endothelial dysfunction.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=76 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=84 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Circulating Endothelial Cell-derived Microparticles (EMPs) Expressing CD62E
789.33 Number of EMPs per uL of blood
Standard Deviation 406.96
880.23 Number of EMPs per uL of blood
Standard Deviation 713.42

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Some participants were unable to provide blood samples for quantifying EMPs or had unusable data for flow cytometry analyses.

EMPs expressing CD62E (i.e., endothelial cell activation) and CD31 (i.e., endothelial cell apoptosis) will be measured. Assessments of circulating EMPs will be measured using flow cytometry, and total flow cytometry counts will be converted to the number of EMPs per uL of blood. Higher concentrations of EMPs expressing CD62E and CD31 indicate greater endothelial dysfunction.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=76 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=84 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Circulating Endothelial Cell-derived Microparticles (EMPs) Expressing CD31
2396.24 Number of EMPs per uL of blood
Standard Deviation 1942.66
2275.15 Number of EMPs per uL of blood
Standard Deviation 2315.15

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Some individuals did not have usable fear-potentiated startle data.

Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) to the danger cue (CS+) during early extinction as part of a fear acquisition and extinction paradigm; this measure reflects expression of conditioned fear during early extinction. FPS is measured through corrugator and orbicularis electromyography (EMG). Startle magnitude is assessed as the peak amplitude (in microVolts) of EMG contraction 20-200ms following the startle probe. A difference score for FPS is calculated by subtracting the startle magnitude to the noise alone probe from the startle magnitude to the CS to account for individual differences in startle magnitude and habituation. Higher values of this FPS difference score indicate greater fear load (i.e., greater overexpression of conditioned fear to a now safe signal during early extinction), which has been associated with PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=81 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=81 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Fear Load Based on Fear-potentiated Startle During Early Extinction
32.24 FPS difference score
Standard Deviation 36.81
36.27 FPS difference score
Standard Deviation 46.84

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Averaged total dwell time of the happy faces Area of Interest (AOI) across 60 face matrices; reflects continuous gaze allocation to happy stimuli

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=82 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=86 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Averaged Total Dwell Time for Happy Faces
2202.44 Dwell time in milliseconds
Standard Deviation 329.30
2223.98 Dwell time in milliseconds
Standard Deviation 355.25

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Averaged total dwell time of the sad faces Area of Interest (AOI) across 60 face matrices; reflects continuous gaze allocation to sad stimuli

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Trauma Exposed Without PTSD
n=82 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure who do not have current PTSD
Trauma Exposed With PTSD
n=86 Participants
Individuals with a history of trauma exposure and a current diagnosis of PTSD
Averaged Total Dwell Time for Sad Faces
2038.77 Dwell time in milliseconds
Standard Deviation 266.62
2065.38 Dwell time in milliseconds
Standard Deviation 335.13

Adverse Events

Trauma Exposed Without PTSD

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Trauma Exposed With PTSD

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Jennifer Sumner

University of California, Los Angeles

Phone: 310-794-9860

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place