Nurse-Led Community Health Worker Adherence Model in 3HP Delivery Among Homeless Adults at Risk for TB Infection and HIV

Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is the prototypical disease of poverty as it disproportionately affects marginalized and impoverished communities. In the US, TB rates are unacceptably high among homeless persons who have a 10-fold increase in TB incidence as compared to the general population. In California, the rate of TB is more than twice the national case rate and recent TB outbreaks have been alarming. Among persons with active TB disease, over 10% die during treatment, with mortality being even higher among homeless persons with TB. While TB can be prevented by treating TB infection (TBI) before it develops into infectious, symptomatic disease, individual factors such as high prevalence of psychosocial comorbidities, unstable housing and limited access to care have led to poor adherence and completion of TBI treatment among homeless persons.

Given the complex health disparity factors that affect TBI treatment adherence among homeless persons, this study will assess the feasibility of a theoretically-based novel model of care among persons with TBI and complex chronic illnesses. This study will evaluate an innovative, community-based intervention that addresses critical individual level factors which are potential mechanisms that underlie health disparities in completing TBI treatment among the predominantly minority homeless. The study hypothesis is that improving these conditions, and promoting health by focused screening for TBI, and early detection and treatment for these vulnerable adults will improve TB treatment completion and prevent future TB disease.

The proposed theoretically-based health promotion intervention focuses on: 1) completion of TBI treatment, 2) reducing substance use; 3) improving mental health; and 4) improving critical social determinants of TB risk (unstable housing and poor health care access) among homeless adults in the highest TB prevalence area in Los Angeles. A total of 76 homeless adults with TBI will receive this program which includes culturally-sensitive education, case management, and directly observed therapy (DOT) delivery of medication among patients who have been prescribed 3HP (12 weeks treatment for latent TB infection) by a medical provider. This study will determine whether this intervention can achieve higher completion rates than the 65% completion rate among homeless persons reported by previous TB programs.

Conditions

• Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Nurse-led Community Health Worker TBI (RN/CHW TBI) program

Homeless adults with TBI will be assigned to this program which includes culturally-sensitive education, case management, and directly observed therapy (DOT) delivery of medication among patients who have been prescribed 3HP (12 weeks treatment for latent TB infection) by a medical provider. For this research, 3HP will be delivered to homeless persons infected with TB on a weekly basis by CHW under the guidance of their RN. The RN/CHW team will also provide case management, including health education and referrals for social services.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of California, Los Angeles

  collaborator OTHER

• National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)

  collaborator NIH

• University of California, Irvine

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Adeline M Nyamathi, PhD · University of California, Irvine

Study Design

Allocation

NA

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-01-24

Primary Completion

2020-05-29

Completion

2020-09-04

Countries

• United States

Study Locations