Trial Outcomes & Findings for Brain Response Associated With Parent-based Treatment for Childhood Anxiety Disorders (NCT NCT03585010)

NCT ID: NCT03585010

Last Updated: 2026-04-22

Results Overview

The PARS is a clinician-administered measure of anxiety severity in children and adolescents. Total scores on PARS are used as indicator of anxiety severity. Total scores range from 0-35, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

214 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline and 12 weeks

Results posted on

2026-04-22

Participant Flow

Participants were recruited based on physician or self-referral at Yale Child Study Center between August 2018 and October 2023. In Phase 1, the first participant was enrolled August 2018, and the last participant was enrolled in February 2020. In Phase 2, the first participant was enrolled on September 2020, and the last participant was enrolled in October 2023.

Of 104 participants enrolled in Phase 1, 78 met inclusion criteria and were randomized to treatment; 26 were excluded (11 did not meet criteria, 6 could not complete scan, and 9 dropped before randomization). Of 205 participants enrolled in Phase 2, 136 met inclusion criteria and were randomized to treatment; 69 were excluded (27 did not meet criteria, 26 did not complete scan, 14 dropped out before randomization, and 2 did not complete assessment.)

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Phase 1: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 1: Parent Educational Support (PES)
Parent Educational Support: 12 sessions with parents
Phase 2: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 2: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: 12 sessions with child
Overall Study
STARTED
41
37
72
64
Overall Study
COMPLETED
39
33
62
57
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
2
4
10
7

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Phase 1: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 1: Parent Educational Support (PES)
Parent Educational Support: 12 sessions with parents
Phase 2: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 2: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: 12 sessions with child
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
2
4
2
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
2
6
5

Baseline Characteristics

Brain Response Associated With Parent-based Treatment for Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Phase 1: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=39 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 1: Parent Educational Support (PES)
n=33 Participants
Parent Educational Support: 12 sessions with parents
Phase 2: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=62 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 2: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
n=57 Participants
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: 12 sessions with child
Total
n=191 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
8.33 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.09 • n=60 Participants
8.36 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.54 • n=56 Participants
8.27 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.57 • n=116 Participants
8.44 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.75 • n=7 Participants
8.35 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.73 • n=3 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
15 Participants
n=60 Participants
12 Participants
n=56 Participants
29 Participants
n=116 Participants
33 Participants
n=7 Participants
89 Participants
n=3 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
24 Participants
n=60 Participants
21 Participants
n=56 Participants
33 Participants
n=116 Participants
24 Participants
n=7 Participants
102 Participants
n=3 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
4 Participants
n=60 Participants
4 Participants
n=56 Participants
11 Participants
n=116 Participants
8 Participants
n=7 Participants
27 Participants
n=3 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
33 Participants
n=60 Participants
29 Participants
n=56 Participants
51 Participants
n=116 Participants
49 Participants
n=7 Participants
162 Participants
n=3 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
2 Participants
n=60 Participants
0 Participants
n=56 Participants
0 Participants
n=116 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
0 Participants
n=56 Participants
0 Participants
n=116 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
1 Participants
n=60 Participants
1 Participants
n=56 Participants
3 Participants
n=116 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
0 Participants
n=56 Participants
0 Participants
n=116 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=60 Participants
2 Participants
n=56 Participants
1 Participants
n=116 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
30 Participants
n=60 Participants
26 Participants
n=56 Participants
48 Participants
n=116 Participants
49 Participants
n=7 Participants
153 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
4 Participants
n=60 Participants
4 Participants
n=56 Participants
9 Participants
n=116 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
21 Participants
n=3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
3 Participants
n=60 Participants
0 Participants
n=56 Participants
1 Participants
n=116 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=3 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
39 participants
n=60 Participants
33 participants
n=56 Participants
62 participants
n=116 Participants
57 participants
n=7 Participants
191 participants
n=3 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 12 weeks

Population: All participants for whom anxiety severity was recorded at Baseline and 12 weeks.

The PARS is a clinician-administered measure of anxiety severity in children and adolescents. Total scores on PARS are used as indicator of anxiety severity. Total scores range from 0-35, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Phase 1: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=39 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 1: Parent Educational Support (PES)
n=33 Participants
Parent Educational Support: 12 sessions with parents
Phase 2: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=62 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 2: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
n=57 Participants
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: 12 sessions with child
Change From Baseline Anxiety Severity on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS) at Week 12.
-11.82 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.45
-6.29 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.51
-8.47 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.52
-6.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.68

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 12 weeks

Population: All participants for whom anxiety severity was recorded at Baseline and 12 weeks.

The MASC is a self-report measure of anxiety severity, completed by children and parents separately. MASC generates a total anxiety score and several sub scales: Total scores: range from 0-150 Separation/Phobias scores: range from 0-27 Generalized anxiety scores: range from 0-30 Social anxiety scores: range from 0-27 Obsessive-compulsive symptom scores: 0-50 Physical symptoms scores: 0-60 For Total score and all sub-scales, higher scores indicate more severe anxiety. Data presented below are for the parent and child versions.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Phase 1: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=39 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 1: Parent Educational Support (PES)
n=33 Participants
Parent Educational Support: 12 sessions with parents
Phase 2: Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)
n=62 Participants
Parent-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, 12 sessions with parents.
Phase 2: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
n=57 Participants
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: 12 sessions with child
Change From Baseline Anxiety Severity on the Multimodal Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) at Week 12.
MASC-Child
-21.79 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.41
-24.61 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.31
-22.55 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.86
-26.09 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.06
Change From Baseline Anxiety Severity on the Multimodal Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) at Week 12.
MASC-Parent
-17.17 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.48
-9.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 21.38
-14.69 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.83
-9.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.09

Adverse Events

Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Parent Educational Support (PES)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Eli Lebowitz, PhD

Yale University

Phone: (203)785-7905

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place