Does Computerized Cognitive Training Improve Executive Functioning in the Older Adult?

Summary

Explanation of the study: As the older adult population continues to rise, so will normal cognitive aging. This increase raises concern for maintaining cognitive function and possibly delaying the onset of disorders such as dementia. Cognitive training (CT) is one potential solution which may be done using computer programs, pencil-and-paper problem solving activities, or everyday tasks. Traditional, skilled occupational therapy (OT) is not reimbursed for this type of preventative or maintenance services. CT may be a fundable answer for older adults to maintain or even improve cognitive function. The purpose is to determine if computerized CT, utilizing a specific program (RehaCom), improves executive functioning in the older adult with mild cognitive impairment, as compared to pencil-and-paper CT.

How study is performed: Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will complete a 9-question demographic survey and pre-test standardized cognitive tests. The experimental group will complete RehaCom computer training and the control group will complete paper-and-pencil based training. All trainings will take place at Mercy LIFE and will be conducted by trained OT students. Subjects will complete a total of 480 minutes of training over a 12-week period, within 30 to 60 minutes sessions. After the 480 minutes of training, subjects will complete the cognitive post-tests.

How data is collected, de-identified and analyzed: Participants who enroll will be assigned a code number linked to their first and last name. This coding will de-identify participants before analyzing or reporting. All signed forms, data collected, and data identified will be kept in a locked cabinet in the researcher's office. All stored files will be shredded one year after the study.

Interventions/tests/medications:

Computerized CT: RehaCom is a computer program that was designed to assist cognitive rehabilitation. The program targets attention, concentration, memory, perception, and problem-solving, with trainings lasting for a total of 480 minutes over 12 weeks.

Pencil-and-paper CT: Various pencil-and-paper exercises to improve attention, concentration, memory, language, and orientation will be used. Such exercises may include word puzzles, calculation or number puzzles, and map reading, for a total of 480 minutes of training over 12 weeks.

Potential risks: Risks of feeling segregated are minimal, as all members have been offered the opportunity to use the site's computer room. Risks may include cognitive fatigue (in both groups) or overstimulation during computer use. Breaks will be given at any sign of these symptoms. There is a small possibility that the participant may become too overwhelmed or stressed with the cognitive training. Upon notice of these symptoms, activities will cease immediately.

Potential and expected benefits: Participants may gain a greater insight into cognitive abilities and improvement of executive functioning skills. Increased knowledge on effects of using cognitive software in a community-based setting may also occur. Mercy LIFE will receive the benefit of continued use of the RehaCom software and laptop as the equipment will be left at the site. Additionally, these findings may help other community-based sites incorporate specific cognitive training for other older adults.

Conditions

• Cognitive Impairment, Mild
• Executive Dysfunction

Interventions

OTHER

RehaCom Computerized Cognitive Training for 480 minutes

Student OT doctoral researchers will guide the subject when participating in the RehaCom program. RehaCom is computer hardware and software designed for assisted cognitive rehabilitation. The program is designed to target specific aspects of attention, concentration, memory, perception, and problem-solving. As the training goes on, the tasks will become easier or harder depending on the subject's performance. The first session will begin with a screening module with an example and a practice session to make sure the client understands the task. After screening, the results page shows the subject's performance compared with age-matched norms. This gives a helpful indication as to the severity of the deficit and advises the researcher on the particular training module to be used. The subject will continue the training modules for a total of 480 minutes of training over 12 weeks.

OTHER

Pencil-and-Paper Cognitive Training for 480 minutes

Student OT doctoral researchers will engage the subject in various pen-and-paper exercises designed to improve cognitive functions: attention and concentration, memory, language, calculation, and orientation. These could include, but are not limited to: word puzzles, calculation or number puzzles, and map reading. The subject will continue the training modules for a total of 480 minutes of training over 12 weeks.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• GenesisCAREs

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• University of the Sciences in Philadelphia

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Sara Benham, OTD · University of the Sciences in Philadelphia

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

55 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2017-01-30

Primary Completion

2017-11-03

Completion

2018-07-31

Countries

• United States

Study Locations