Trial Outcomes & Findings for Development and Feasibility of an Incentive Scheme to Promote Walking/Cycling to School (NCT NCT02282631)

School recruitment took place from late May 2014 to early July 2014. I emailed and phoned schools from my office, and then met personally with the two selected schools in mid July 2014. Family recruitment took place in mid September 2014. Invitations were distributed to children at school and returned by parents by post.

Recruitment of schools: one invitation email, second email two weeks later (reminder) and phone call (one week after reminder). Four schools replied positively out of 123 contacted (3.3%). Recruitment of participants: 29 (33.0%) returned a valid consent form before baseline; 2 returned a consent form after the start of baseline and were excluded

Development and Feasibility of an Incentive Scheme to Promote Walking/Cycling to School

Percentage of schools who accepted to take part in this study

% of schools who were retained for the whole duration of the study (out of the two who took part)

Number of participants recruited in this study.

Number of participants who remained in the study until the end.

Number of participants who returned their accelerometer to the researcher on the designated day, at end of baseline week (all children wore the accelerometer at the same time)

Number of participants who returned their accelerometer on time to the researcher (myself) on the designated day, at end of post-baseline week. This was the second week of wear for participants. Whereas all participants were assessed concurrently at baseline, different subsamples were assessed every week at post-baseline.

Number of accelerometers lost or damaged in this study

N parental ATS\* paper reports returned to researcher(me) \*Active Travel to School * Paper reports with at least 1 box had been ticked out of the five boxes on the form (there was 1 box for each day of the week). * ATS reports were collected weekly, i.e. on the baseline week and on each of the eight post-baseline weeks. Accelerometers were only used twice; once at baseline (1week) and once at post-baseline (1week). * Parental paper ATS reports were preferred by 6 families, but on the 2 accelerometer weeks all participants had to use a paper reports including usual SMS respondents. In contr. group: all used paper reports at baseline (1st accel. week) (n=14), 6 usual paper respondents at post-baseline (6x8 weeks = 48), 6 SMS respondents who had to paper-report on the 2nd accel.week (both dropouts were SMS respondents \& left too early for a 2nd accel.), so total N possible paper reports 14 + 48 + 6=68. Int. school: 15 participants \& 8 usual paper respondents, total=15 + (8 x 8) + 7=86

Number of child ATS\* reports returned to the researcher (myself) throughout the study. Child ATS reports were always on paper. \*Active Travel to School

Inter-rater agreement between parent and child ATS\* reports \*Active Travel to School

Active travel to school (ATS) refers to the behaviour of travelling to school by human-powered means as opposed to motorised transportation, for example by walking or cycling. This was based on parental ATS reports.

Percentage of active trips to school based on child report. This data is from all the trips reported by children, whether parental reports exist for the same day or not. For that reason, this differs from the number of trips reported in 'Agreement Between Parent and Child Reports' because in that case, both parent and child reports were required for the same day.

differences in minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between ATS and non-ATS trips during the times reported by the parent as pertaining to the journey to school, based on parental report (i.e. parent reported whether the trip was ATS or non-ATS)

differences in MVPA between ATS and non-ATS trips during the hour before the classes (7:56-8:55), based on parental report (i.e. parent reported whether trip was ATS or non-ATS)

differences in minutes of MVPA between ATS and non-ATS trips during the times reported by the parent as pertaining to the journey to school, based on child report (i.e. child reported whether trip was ATS or non-ATS)

differences in minutes of MVPA between ATS and non-ATS trips during the hour before the classes (7:56-8:55), based on child report (i.e. child reported whether trip was ATS or non-ATS)

Number of parental ATS reports by SMS. * In this case, for comparability with data from paper reports, one SMS reports refers to a week in which at least one SMS report was received from the parent. * Parental SMS reports were only possible in those weeks when the child was not wearing the accelerometer. Parents who had chosen to report ATS by SMS were requested to report by paper on the weeks when the child wore the accelerometer (once at baseline, and once at post-baseline), and could report ATS by SMS in all other weeks.

Number of participants who met physical activity guidelines, i.e. at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) a day, measured by accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+); cut points of intensity by Evenson et al (2008) (sedentary \<100 counts per minute (cpm); light \>100cpm; moderate \>=2296cpm; vigorous \>=4012cmp), epoch 10 seconds. Valid wear was at least 6h/day on at least 3 days (weekdays or weekends). NOTE: the above criterion of 10h/day for at least 5 days was changed before the start of the fieldwork, although not on this website. We found studies which suggested that wearing the accelerometer 6h/day on at least three days, with or without weekend days, were sufficient to assess overall levels of physical activity. Consistent with these findings, this new minimum wear criterion was adopted in the present study.