Trial Outcomes & Findings for The Effect of Fact Versus Myth Messages on Receipt of Influenza Vaccination (NCT NCT01009645)

NCT ID: NCT01009645

Last Updated: 2023-10-30

Results Overview

The primary outcome is receipt of influenza vaccination at appointment directly following the post-test. A pre-test was completed by participants during a telephone interview that occurred approximately two weeks prior to a scheduled clinic appointment. The post-test was completed via an in-person interview by participants immediately prior to their scheduled appointment. That is, the participants met with the Research Assistant, completed the post-test, and then proceeded to see their physician for a previously scheduled office visit.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

125 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

1 week following randomization

Results posted on

2023-10-30

Participant Flow

Eligible participants had scheduled appointments in a private medical clinic during October 2009 - March 2010. Potential participants were sent an opt-out letter indicating that they would be receiving a phone call to invite them to participate in a study if interested; those not opting out were contacted and asked to participate.

If potential participants had already received the seasonal influenza vaccination for 2009 - 2010 or responded on the phone that they "definitely intended" to receive the vaccine, they were excluded from the study. These screening questions were asked prior to enrollment into the study.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Fact Only
The educational message used will contain facts only.
Fact and Myth
The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only.
Fact, Myth, Why
The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths.
Control
This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC.
Overall Study
STARTED
31
31
32
31
Overall Study
COMPLETED
29
23
28
26
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
2
8
4
5

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Fact Only
The educational message used will contain facts only.
Fact and Myth
The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only.
Fact, Myth, Why
The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths.
Control
This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC.
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
2
8
4
5

Baseline Characteristics

The Effect of Fact Versus Myth Messages on Receipt of Influenza Vaccination

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Fact Only
n=31 Participants
The educational message used will contain facts only.
Fact and Myth
n=31 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only.
Fact, Myth, Why
n=32 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths.
Control
n=31 Participants
This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC.
Total
n=125 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
18 Participants
n=99 Participants
20 Participants
n=107 Participants
23 Participants
n=206 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
77 Participants
n=31 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
13 Participants
n=99 Participants
11 Participants
n=107 Participants
9 Participants
n=206 Participants
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
48 Participants
n=31 Participants
Age, Continuous
62.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.27 • n=99 Participants
61.13 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.46 • n=107 Participants
63.34 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.64 • n=206 Participants
65.35 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.40 • n=7 Participants
63.16 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.43 • n=31 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
27 Participants
n=99 Participants
24 Participants
n=107 Participants
23 Participants
n=206 Participants
24 Participants
n=7 Participants
98 Participants
n=31 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=99 Participants
7 Participants
n=107 Participants
9 Participants
n=206 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
27 Participants
n=31 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
31 participants
n=99 Participants
31 participants
n=107 Participants
32 participants
n=206 Participants
31 participants
n=7 Participants
125 participants
n=31 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 week following randomization

The primary outcome is receipt of influenza vaccination at appointment directly following the post-test. A pre-test was completed by participants during a telephone interview that occurred approximately two weeks prior to a scheduled clinic appointment. The post-test was completed via an in-person interview by participants immediately prior to their scheduled appointment. That is, the participants met with the Research Assistant, completed the post-test, and then proceeded to see their physician for a previously scheduled office visit.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Fact Only
n=31 Participants
The educational message used will contain facts only.
Fact and Myth
n=31 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only.
Fact, Myth, Why
n=32 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths.
Control
n=31 Participants
This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC.
Influenza Vaccination
4 participants
1 participants
3 participants
4 participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 week following receipt of message

Participants were given 8 statements about the flu/flu shot and asked to recall if they had seen the statement on the message they received via FedEx. Participants responded that statement had been "presented as a fact," "presented as a myth," "presented, but I don't recall if it was a fact or a myth," or "not presented." Participants scored 1 for each correct answer; 0 for each incorrect answer or for response "I don't recall." Recall accuracy was calculated among each message format, range for recall accuracy was 0 - 8 with 0 indicating no correct answers and 8 representing 100% accuracy. Thus units of measurement are "units on a scale" to represent participant scores out of 8 on the recall items.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Fact Only
n=31 Participants
The educational message used will contain facts only.
Fact and Myth
n=31 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only.
Fact, Myth, Why
n=32 Participants
The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths.
Control
n=31 Participants
This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC.
Recall Accuracy
3.13 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.66
4.52 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.96
5.67 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.65
4.77 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.82

Adverse Events

Fact Only

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Fact and Myth

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Fact, Myth, Why

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Kenzie Cameron, PhD, MPH

Northwestern University

Phone: 312-503-3910

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place