Effect of High-Calcium Milk and Weight-Bearing Exercise on Bone Mineral Status of Pre-Pubertal Girls

Summary

Osteoporosis has been described as a paediatric disease with a geriatric outcome. This is because bone mass is acquired during youth and is progressively lost later in life, without symptom or pain, until a fracture occurs. The proper management of osteoporosis includes improving bone mineral content in the first two decades of life so that reserves are built up before bone loss ensues.

The investigators aim to determine the effect of a 10-month school-based provision of high-calcium milk and weight-bearing exercise program on the bone mineral status among prepubertal girls. The investigators' study is novel since it seeks to determine the effect of these interventions in girls, whose overall risks are much higher for osteoporosis later in life, and in a developing country population whose calcium intakes are more likely to be depleted.

The investigators hypothesize that provision of either high-calcium milk or weight-bearing exercises will improve bone mineral density among prepubertal girls but that the bone accrual will be greater among those with both interventions. In addition, the investigators hypothesize that the changes will be more marked among those whose calcium intakes are lower.

This study will use a two-by-two factorial design of 1) high-calcium milk (1000 mg/day) vs. placebo (115 mg/day) and 2) weight-bearing exercises (a total of 90 to 150 minutes per week divided into 3 to 5 schooldays) vs. no-exercise (passive activities) in a randomized controlled trial, for a total of 4 intervention groups: calcium+exercise, placebo+exercise, calcium+no exercise, placebo+no exercise.

The study will be conducted among 80 prepubertal girls (on Tanner stage 1), aged 7-9 years and enrolled in one primary school in one of the metropolitan cities in the Philippines with an institution or a hospital with a Lunar Prodigy Central dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) machine.

Osteoporosis has no treatment. The problem will continue to become burdensome in the future since population aging per se will increase the risk and incidence of fractures. Understanding the relationship between calcium and exercise is important since the greatest benefit is in the paediatric age range. The study results could provide information on a workable intervention that promotes the multiple health benefits of both exercise and high-calcium milk to young children.

Conditions

• Osteoporosis

Interventions

OTHER

milk and exercise

* milk fortified with 1000mg calcium or low-calcium milk * weight-bearing exercise or passive exercise

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Nestlé Foundation

  collaborator OTHER

• Nutrition Center of the Philippines

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Pura R Solon, MD · Clinical Research Scientist

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Model

FACTORIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

7 Years

Max Age

9 Years

Sex

FEMALE

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2009-02-28

Primary Completion

2010-04-30

Completion

2010-09-30

Countries

• Philippines

Study Locations