Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic biguanide used as adjunct therapy with diet and exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It improves glycemic control in adults and selected pediatric populations. U.S. approval history for GLUCOPHAGE began in 1995.
A study in Diabetologia shows type 2 diabetes in lean Africans is driven by insulin shortage, not insulin resistance, and may require different treatment than standard guidelines. The study analyzed data from over 3,300 African adults and found distinct complication patterns between lean and overweight patients.
Recent studies on metformin and age-related macular degeneration report conflicting findings: a JAMA Ophthalmology cohort found no association, while studies in Ophthalmology Retina and BMJ Open Ophthalmology found reduced odds of neovascular and intermediate AMD, respectively. All were observational.
Orforglipron beat oral semaglutide on blood sugar and weight in type 2 diabetes, with higher discontinuation rates. GLP-1 hair loss is typically temporary telogen effluvium.
Semaglutide may lower risks of adult-onset seizures and alcohol-related hospitalizations, new studies find. Brazil approved five semaglutide injectables, and a commentary updates obesity care with GLP-1 drugs.
A genetic framework using Mendelian randomization identified and prioritized drug targets for major depression from over 525,000 cases. The study found drugs targeting genetically supported proteins are 2.6 times more likely to succeed and prioritized 54 repurposing opportunities using existing medications for other conditions.
GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with progestin therapy significantly reduce endometrial cancer risk in women with uterine hyperplasia, according to a JAMA Network Open study. A separate meta-analysis finds patients regain 60% of weight lost one year after stopping GLP-1 RAs, with weight regain plateauing at 75.3% of treatment loss.
Two experimental ALS therapies showed promise in recent clinical developments. Interim Phase 1/2 data suggest the antisense oligonucleotide QRL-201 restores a critical nerve protein and may slow disease decline, with a Phase 3 trial planned for 2027. Meanwhile, the oral therapy neflamapimod has been selected for testing in the UK's EXPERTS-ALS platform study, with first results expected this spring.
NICE updates type 2 diabetes guidance in England, recommending earlier use of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists. Separately, a study finds SGLT2 inhibitors improve survival in Takotsubo syndrome patients.
GLP-1 drugs discovered accidentally in anglerfish research now treat conditions beyond diabetes including kidney disease, sleep apnea, and addiction. The global diabetes therapeutics market is projected to reach $241.5 billion by 2030, growing at 12.4% annually.
New research reveals metformin regulates blood sugar through brain pathways involving the Rap1 protein in the hypothalamus. The study shows suppressing Rap1 in the brain prevents metformin from lowering blood sugar in diabetic mice. These findings could lead to new diabetes treatments targeting this brain pathway.
| NCT ID | Title | Status | Phase |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07778719 |
Metformin-Dapagliflozin Effects on IGF-1 in Male T2DM With MASLD |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NA |
| NCT07771010 |
The Effect of Empagliflozin and Metformin on Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Reactivity of Skeletal Muscle in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
RECRUITING | PHASE4 |
| NCT07770711 |
Inositol and Metformin Administration in Mediterranean Diet and Low-Carbohydrate Diets in Women With PCOS |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NA |
| NCT07768280 |
Efficacy and Safety of Hebenrun in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NA |
| NCT07759674 |
Relationship Between Metformin Treatment, Anemia, and Erythropoietin Levels in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Jordan |
COMPLETED | PHASE4 |
| NCT07753252 |
Phase 1 Study in Healthy Adults to See How Sevabertinib Changes Metformin Levels in the Body |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | PHASE1 |
| NCT07699367 |
Metformin and ACLR Muscle Recovery |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | EARLY_PHASE1 |
| NCT07693452 |
Metformin in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Secondary to Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms |
RECRUITING | PHASE2 |
| NCT07687667 |
Effects of GLP-1RAs on Fertility Outcomes in Obese Women With PCOS |
NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NA |
| NCT07654179 |
Metformin as Adjunct Therapy in Depression-obesity Comorbidity: Clinical and Genetic Evaluation |
RECRUITING | NA |
