Exploring the Effects of Augmented Reality Educational Videos on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Summary

This study investigates the effectiveness of augmented reality educational videos in improving anxiety among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.

The study participants were patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The control group received routine care, which included standard paper-based educational materials for cardiac catheterization. The experimental group received routine care in addition to viewing cardiac catheterization educational videos through an augmented reality (AR) application.

The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A), the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A), and physiological indicators were used to assess participants' subjective and objective levels of anxiety. Assessments and measurements were conducted at three time points: before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and within 6 hours after completion of cardiac catheterization. Due to the characteristics of the HADS-A subscale, it was administered only at two time points: before the intervention and within 6 hours after completion of cardiac catheterization.

The main research questions addressed in this study are:

* What are the differences in anxiety levels among cardiac catheterization patients based on their basic characteristics?
* How effective is the AR intervention in reducing anxiety among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization?
* What are the effects of AR intervention on patients' anxiety levels (VAS-A, HADS-A) and physiological indicators before the intervention, after the intervention, and after the completion of the cardiac catheterization procedure?

Conditions

• Augmented Reality
• Cardiac Catheterization
• Anxiety

Interventions

OTHER

Augmented Reality

The experimental group received routine care (paper-based education) before cardiac catheterization and additionally viewed a cardiac catheterization educational video through an augmented reality (AR) application. The AR intervention consisted of an interactive educational video played on a tablet computer for participants to watch. The video content was developed based on findings from the literature review, hospital educational leaflets, and manuals. A professional company was commissioned to create the graphics and programming and develop the AR application. The video presented information related to cardiac catheterization through real-life images, illustrations, and voice narration, with a total duration of approximately 8 minutes. To ensure the quality and rigor of the intervention tool, three cardiology experts were invited to evaluate the content. The Content Validity Index (CVI) of the intervention was 0.85.

OTHER

Paper-based education

Routine care consisted of verbal education using an educational leaflet. The leaflet was based on the standard educational materials routinely used in the cardiology department of the hospital and was developed by the hospital nursing department according to clinical practice and relevant care guidelines. The content of the educational leaflet included the causes and symptoms of myocardial infarction, pre-procedure preparation for cardiac catheterization, post-procedure puncture wound care, and key points for self-care after discharge. During the intervention process, participants received verbal education from the researcher before cardiac catheterization, accompanied by explanations using the educational leaflet. The educational session lasted approximately 10 minutes, and participants were encouraged to ask questions to enhance their understanding of the educational content.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Chung Shan Medical University

  lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

NONE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

20 Years

Max Age

75 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2025-05-07

Primary Completion

2025-11-28

Completion

2025-11-28

Countries

• Taiwan

Study Locations