Comparison of Internal Rotation, Local Cold and ShotBlocker on Intramuscular Injection Pain and Comfort

Summary

This single-centre, randomized, counterbalanced, within-subjects clinical trial compared four techniques for reducing pain and improving comfort during ventrogluteal intramuscular cyanocobalamin injection in adults. Participants presenting to a family health centre for prescribed vitamin B12 injection each received four injections, one with each technique: standard injection, internal rotation of the extremity, local cold application, and ShotBlocker. Technique order was assigned using a 4 x 4 Latin-square randomization. Pain and comfort were measured immediately after each injection using 0-10 participant-reported scales.

Conditions

• Intramuscular Injection Pain
• Patient Comfort

Interventions

PROCEDURE

Standard intramuscular injection

Standard ventrogluteal intramuscular cyanocobalamin injection.

PROCEDURE

Internal rotation of the extremity

Participant internally rotated the foot of the injection-side leg before and during ventrogluteal injection.

PROCEDURE

Local cold application

Cold gel pack application to the injection site for 3 minutes before ventrogluteal injection.

DEVICE

ShotBlocker

ShotBlocker device applied with firm contact around the injection site during needle insertion, medication delivery, and needle withdrawal.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

  collaborator OTHER

• TOKI Family Health Centre

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• Sivas Provincial Health Directorate

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• MEDICANA

  lead UNKNOWN

Principal Investigators

• Tuba Karabey · Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Model

CROSSOVER

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-07-09

Primary Completion

2019-12-31

Completion

2019-12-31

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations