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Effect of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit on Shoulder Endurance and Stability in Adolescent Male Volleyball Players

NCT07372274 · Status: COMPLETED · Type: OBSERVATIONAL · Enrollment: 52

Last updated 2026-01-28

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

This study aims to investigate whether glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is associated with shoulder endurance and functional stability in male adolescent volleyball players aged 14 to 18 years who do not have shoulder pain. GIRD refers to a reduction in internal rotation range of motion of the dominant (spiking) shoulder compared with the non-dominant shoulder and is commonly observed in young athletes participating in overhead sports such as volleyball.

Participants will be divided into two groups based on shoulder range of motion measurements. Athletes with a loss of at least 10 degrees of internal rotation in the dominant shoulder compared to the non-dominant shoulder will be classified as having GIRD, while those without this difference will be classified as not having GIRD. Shoulder internal and external rotation range of motion will be measured using standardized clinical assessment methods.

Shoulder endurance and upper extremity functional stability will then be evaluated using clinically applicable performance-based tests, including the Shoulder Endurance Test, the Posterior Shoulder Endurance Test, and the Modified Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test. The results of these tests will be compared between athletes with and without GIRD.

The main research question of this study is whether the presence of GIRD in asymptomatic adolescent volleyball players is associated with reduced shoulder muscle endurance and decreased functional stability of the upper extremity. The study hypothesizes that athletes with GIRD will demonstrate lower posterior shoulder endurance and poorer upper extremity stability compared to athletes without GIRD.

Conditions

  • Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD)

Interventions

OTHER

Glenohumeral Rotation ROM, Shoulder Endurance, and Upper Extremity Stability Testing

Participants undergo a standardized shoulder assessment session. Glenohumeral internal and external rotation range of motion is measured using a goniometric clinical procedure with the shoulder positioned in standardized alignment. Functional performance is assessed using a battery of tests including a shoulder endurance test, a posterior shoulder endurance test, and a modified closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test. All procedures are performed in a controlled laboratory setting by trained assessors following a consistent protocol.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

    lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

  • Seda Bicici Ulusahin, PhD · Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

Eligibility

Min Age
14 Years
Max Age
18 Years
Sex
MALE
Healthy Volunteers
Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2024-11-05
Primary Completion
2025-10-30
Completion
2025-12-30

Countries

  • Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations

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Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT07372274 on ClinicalTrials.gov