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Comparing Mirror and Music for Dialysis Needle Pain

NCT07320859 · Status: COMPLETED · Phase: NA · Type: INTERVENTIONAL · Enrollment: 75

Last updated 2026-01-08

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

Inserting needles into the vascular access (fistula) is a major source of pain and anxiety for many hemodialysis patients. This study compared two simple, non-drug techniques to reduce this pain: listening to music and looking into a mirror during the needle insertion.

A total of 75 adult patients receiving regular hemodialysis at Izmir Özel Can Dialysis Center were randomly divided into three groups: a music group, a mirror group, and a control group. Patients in the music group listened to calming, instrumental Turkish classical music (makam) via headphones during cannulation. Patients in the mirror group looked at the reflection of their healthy arm in a mirror. The control group received standard care without these interventions.

Pain intensity was measured immediately after needle insertion using a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "the worst imaginable pain." Pain scores were compared between the groups to determine which method was more effective.

The results of this study may provide nurses and patients with easy-to-use, evidence-based options to make hemodialysis needle procedures less painful and stressful.

Conditions

Interventions

DEVICE

Mirror Therapy (Visual Illusion Therapy)

A non-pharmacological, behavioral intervention. A standard mirror (40 cm diameter) is positioned to allow the patient to view the reflection of their non-cannulated, healthy arm during arteriovenous fistula cannulation. The patient focuses on this visual illusion for an adaptation period (10 minutes) before the needle insertion. The intervention is based on the principles of graded motor imagery and aims to reduce procedural pain by modulating cortical representation and attention.

OTHER

Music Therapy

A non-pharmacological, complementary therapy. Patients listen to pre-recorded, instrumental Turkish classical music (specifically Nihavend and Muhayyerkürdi maqams) via headphones during the cannulation procedure. The music is selected for its calming properties and starts before needle insertion. The intervention aims to reduce pain and anxiety through auditory distraction, emotional modulation, and relaxation.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • Izmir Bakircay University

    collaborator OTHER

  • Izmir Kavram Vocational School

    lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Model
PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age
18 Years
Max Age
85 Years
Sex
ALL
Healthy Volunteers
No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2025-12-01
Primary Completion
2025-12-01
Completion
2025-12-06

Countries

  • Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations

More Related Trials

Entities

Diseases

Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT07320859 on ClinicalTrials.gov