Developing and Validating the Risk-taking Intention and Sport Engagement After ACL Reconstruction (RISE-ACL) Scale

Summary

Psychological factors play a critical role in recovery following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. While tools such as the ACL - Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) focus on psychological readiness, emphasizing fear, hesitation, and apprehension, the opposite spectrum-overconfidence and risk-taking behaviors-remains underexplored. These behaviors can lead to premature return to high-risk activities and an increased likelihood of re-injury.

To address this gap, we propose the development and validation of the RISE-ACL scale for assessing Risk-taking Intention and Sport Engagement after ACL reconstruction. This scale will assess key factors such as patients' willingness to engage in high-impact activities, their adherence to medical guidance, and their perceived readiness to resume sports despite potential physical or psychological limitations.

The RISE-ACL Scale will complement existing tools like the ACL-RSI by focusing on overconfidence and risk-taking, offering clinicians a more balanced perspective on psychological recovery. Validation of the scale will involve testing its validity, reliability and clinical utility to ensure accurate identification of at-risk individuals.

By providing actionable insights, the RISE-ACL Scale will help enhance post-operative care, promote safer return-to-play decisions, and optimize long-term outcomes through a comprehensive assessment of psychological and behavioral factors.

Conditions

• ACL Surgery
• ACL Injuries
• ACL Reconstruction

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

RISE-ACL development

A meeting will be organized with all expert panel members to select relevant items. Before the meeting, experts will review a literature on ACL reconstruction return to sport processes. During round 1, the chairperson will ask panel members to suggest items to be included in the scale. Items with agreement from 5 or more members will be included in round 2. In round 2, redundant items will be identified and grouped, and new items will be added based on the literature and expert experience. Selected items will be randomly ordered to create a preliminary 6-level Likert scale (0 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).

BEHAVIORAL

RISE-ACL scale validation

The scale validation phase will involve 162 participants who have undergone ACL reconstruction within the past two years and are in the 'Return to Sport' process, with follow-up in the sports medicine department. These participants will complete the final version of the RISE-ACL Scale in addition with the ACL-RSI scale and the IKDC Subjective Knee Form. Validation will consist of testing face validity, construct validity, criterion validity (concurrent validity), and reliability, including internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• INSERM UMR U1075 Comète GIP Cyceron, unicaen, Caen Normandie

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• University Hospital, Caen

  lead OTHER

Study Design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

DIAGNOSTIC

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Eligibility

Min Age

16 Years

Max Age

45 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2025-02-03

Primary Completion

2025-07-29

Completion

2026-03-31

Countries

• France

Study Locations