Trial Outcomes & Findings for Little Cigar and Cigarillo Warnings to Reduce Tobacco-Related Cancers and Disease - Eye Tracking (NCT NCT06546618)
NCT ID: NCT06546618
Last Updated: 2026-07-02
Results Overview
Mean attention to warning areas of interest in seconds will be measured by dwell time to pre-defined areas of interest on the LCC packages. The mean amount of time in seconds that participants spend looking at the flavor area of interest for the 3 packages in each condition will be determined.
COMPLETED
NA
90 participants
During one time study appointment
2026-07-02
Participant Flow
Participants were recruited and screened for study eligibility online between July 2024 and March 2025, and invited to in the study once they were determined to be eligible.
90 participants arrived for their study appointment, began the study, and completed the study, which was a one-time appointment. All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
Participant milestones
| Measure |
All Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
Viewed All 3 LCC Packages With Pictorial Warning and No Flavor
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
Viewed All 3 LCC Packages With Pictorial Warnings and 'Sweet' Flavor
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
Viewed All 3 LCC Packages With Text-only Warnings and No Flavor
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
Viewed All 3 LCC Packages With Text-only Warnings and 'Sweet' Flavor
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
90
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Little Cigar and Cigarillo Warnings to Reduce Tobacco-Related Cancers and Disease - Eye Tracking
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
All Participants
n=90 Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
37.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.8 • n=20 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Man
|
53 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Woman
|
35 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Other
|
2 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
3 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
48 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
25 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
7 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
6 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
9 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
80 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: During one time study appointmentPopulation: All participants, mean response to the 3 package stimuli in each condition were combined consistent with the study hypotheses examining the difference between warning type (text vs. pictorial) and flavor (no flavor vs. "SWEET" flavor).
Mean attention to warning areas of interest in seconds will be measured by dwell time to pre-defined areas of interest on the LCC packages. The mean amount of time in seconds that participants spend looking at the flavor area of interest for the 3 packages in each condition will be determined.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
All Participants
n=90 Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Attention to Warning Areas of Interest
Pictorial warning and no flavor
|
3.81 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.15
|
|
Attention to Warning Areas of Interest
Pictorial warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
3.34 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.89
|
|
Attention to Warning Areas of Interest
Text-only warning and no flavor
|
2.08 seconds
Standard Deviation 1.79
|
|
Attention to Warning Areas of Interest
Text-only warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
1.84 seconds
Standard Deviation 1.41
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: During one time study appointmentPopulation: All participants, mean response to the 3 package stimuli in each condition were combined consistent with the study hypotheses examining the difference between warning type (text vs. pictorial) and flavor (no flavor vs. "SWEET" flavor).
Mean attention to flavor areas of interest in seconds will be measured by dwell time to pre-defined areas of interest on the LCC packages. The mean amount of time in seconds that participants spend looking at the flavor area of interest for the 3 packages in each condition will be determined.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
All Participants
n=90 Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Attention to Flavor Areas of Interest
Pictorial warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
0.49 seconds
Standard Deviation 0.67
|
|
Attention to Flavor Areas of Interest
Text-only warning and no flavor
|
0.16 seconds
Standard Deviation 0.25
|
|
Attention to Flavor Areas of Interest
Pictorial warning and no flavor
|
0.17 seconds
Standard Deviation 0.26
|
|
Attention to Flavor Areas of Interest
Text-only warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
0.69 seconds
Standard Deviation 0.93
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: During one time study appointmentPopulation: All participants, mean response to the 3 package stimuli in each condition were combined consistent with the study hypotheses examining the difference between warning type (text vs. pictorial) and flavor (no flavor vs. "SWEET" flavor).
Mean positive affect response to warnings will be measured using an adaptation of the Discrete Emotions Questionnaire. The positive affect questionnaire will include 6 different emotions to measure participant's emotional responses to the cigarillo packages. Participants will rate to what extent they experienced each emotion while viewing the LCC package on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1=not at all and 7=an extreme amount. Higher affective responses indicate stronger positive emotional reactions to the LCC package. The mean positive affect will reflect the mean positive affect rating for the 3 packages in each condition.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
All Participants
n=90 Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Positive Affect
Pictorial warning and no flavor
|
1.39 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.85
|
|
Positive Affect
Pictorial warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
1.42 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.82
|
|
Positive Affect
Text-only warning and no flavor
|
1.90 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.08
|
|
Positive Affect
Text-only warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
2.07 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.21
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: During one time study appointmentPopulation: All participants, mean response to the 3 package stimuli in each condition were combined consistent with the study hypotheses examining the difference between warning type (text vs. pictorial) and flavor (no flavor vs. "SWEET" flavor).
Mean negative affect response to warnings will be measured using an adaptation of the Discrete Emotions Questionnaire. The negative affect questionnaire will include 6 different emotions to measure participant's emotional responses to the cigarillo packages. Participants will rate to what extent they experienced each emotion while viewing the LCC package on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1=not at all and 7=an extreme amount. Higher affective responses indicate stronger negative emotional reactions to the LCC package. The mean negative affect will reflect the mean negative affect rating for the 3 packages in each condition.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
All Participants
n=90 Participants
All participants saw LCC pack stimuli images presented in random order, 4 package conditions were repeated with 3 warnings applied to each (12 stimuli total).
|
|---|---|
|
Negative Affect
Pictorial warning and no flavor
|
3.11 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.79
|
|
Negative Affect
Pictorial warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
3.09 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.82
|
|
Negative Affect
Text-only warning and no flavor
|
1.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.17
|
|
Negative Affect
Text-only warning and 'sweet' flavor
|
1.57 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.06
|
Adverse Events
All Participants
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Adam O Goldstein
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place