Low-value Care, and Variation in Practice for Children Hospitalized With Bronchiolitis

Summary

Low-value care is defined as the use of a health service, such as diagnostics and treatments, for which the harms or costs outweigh the benefits. In pediatrics, investigations or treatments can be unpleasant or traumatizing to the child, can prolong the time spent in hospital, and can create a cascade of further futile investigations and treatments. Several of the commonly used diagnostics and treatments in bronchiolitis are considered low-value, making it a great model to study low-value care in pediatrics.

The purpose of CareBEST is to study the use of 6 low-value healthcare services in children aged 1 to 12 months hospitalized with bronchiolitis, their costs, and measure the variability in practice of these services.

The main questions this study aims to answer are:

1. How frequently are 6 low-value care health services used in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis? These 6 low-value care health services are: 1) respiratory virus testing; 2) chest x-rays; 3) continuous pulse oximetry; 4) short-acting beta-agonists; 5) systemic corticosteroids; and 6) antibiotics.

* Are there factors that predict the use of these services?
* What are the costs of the use of these services?
2. How much variability is there between different patients, different doctors, and between hospitals in the use of these 6 low-value health services ?
3. Are differences in use of low-value health services associated with patient and family characteristics (like race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, language), and do these contribute to disparities in care?

Participants will have their infant's medical chart reviewed during their hospitalization. They will also have 2 short questionnaires to complete, once during their child's admission to the hospital, and one 30 days later to ask about whether their child required any additional medical care. They will additionally be asked to complete a questionnaire on their perceptions regarding their child's care while hospitalized, including the use of shared-decision making and their understanding of and involvement in the care decisions made.

This analysis will provide a better understanding of treatment of bronchiolitis in Canada and help in the development of effective interventions to reduce low-value care.

Conditions

• Bronchiolitis

Interventions

DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Provision of any of six different low-value health services for treatment of bronchiolitis

This prospective observational will have six separate primary outcomes acting as exposures, (or interventions).The exposures are the the provision of any of the six low-value health services: 1) respiratory virus testing; 2) chest x-ray; 3) continuous pulse oximetry; 4) short-acting beta-agonists; 5) systemic corticosteroids; and 6) antibiotics.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

  collaborator OTHER

• Maternal Infant Child and Youth Research Network

  collaborator UNKNOWN

• The Hospital for Sick Children

  collaborator OTHER

• Unity Health Toronto

  collaborator OTHER

• St. Justine's Hospital

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Olivier Drouin, MD, MSc, MPH · CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre

Eligibility

Min Age

28 Days

Max Age

12 Months

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2024-02-13

Primary Completion

2026-05-31

Completion

2027-06-30

Countries

• Canada

Study Locations