Trial Outcomes & Findings for REMINDers for Incentive Spirometry in PACU (REMIND-IS in PACU) (NCT NCT06304493)

NCT ID: NCT06304493

Last Updated: 2026-06-30

Results Overview

Rate of adequate incentive spirometry breaths achieved by patients per hour for up to 3 hours during the PACU stay

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

231 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

PACU stay (up to 3 hours)

Results posted on

2026-06-30

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Alarm "ON" Cohort
The "ON" cohort will receive the standard-of-care instructions for IS and information about the auditory and visual reminders. The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements, from admission to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and until PACU discharge. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Alarm "OFF" Cohort
The "OFF" cohort will receive only the standard-of-care instructions for IS. The "OFF" patients will receive no signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Overall Study
STARTED
102
129
Overall Study
COMPLETED
89
117
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
13
12

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

REMINDers for Incentive Spirometry in PACU (REMIND-IS in PACU)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Alarm "ON" Cohort
n=89 Participants
The "ON" cohort will receive the standard-of-care instructions for IS and information about the auditory and visual reminders. The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Alarm "OFF" Cohort
n=117 Participants
The "OFF" cohort will receive only the standard-of-care instructions for IS. The "OFF" patients will receive no signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Total
n=206 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
55 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=20 Participants
53 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=20 Participants
54 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
52 Participants
n=20 Participants
66 Participants
n=20 Participants
118 Participants
n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
37 Participants
n=20 Participants
51 Participants
n=20 Participants
88 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White/Caucasian · White/Caucasian
67 Participants
n=20 Participants
87 Participants
n=20 Participants
154 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White/Caucasian · Other
22 Participants
n=20 Participants
30 Participants
n=20 Participants
52 Participants
n=40 Participants
ARISCAT score, intermediate/high risk
ARISCAT score, intermediate/high risk
39 Participants
n=20 Participants
53 Participants
n=20 Participants
92 Participants
n=40 Participants
ARISCAT score, intermediate/high risk
ARISCAT score, low risk
50 Participants
n=20 Participants
64 Participants
n=20 Participants
114 Participants
n=40 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: PACU stay (up to 3 hours)

Rate of adequate incentive spirometry breaths achieved by patients per hour for up to 3 hours during the PACU stay

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Alarm "ON" Cohort
n=89 Participants
The "ON" cohort will receive the standard-of-care instructions for IS and information about the auditory and visual reminders. The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Alarm "OFF" Cohort
n=117 Participants
The "OFF" cohort will receive only the standard-of-care instructions for IS. The "OFF" patients will receive no signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Rate of Adequate IS Breaths Achieved in PACU
3 adequate breaths/hour
Interval 0.0 to 8.0
1 adequate breaths/hour
Interval 0.0 to 6.0

Adverse Events

Alarm "ON" Cohort

Serious events: 7 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Alarm "OFF" Cohort

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Alarm "ON" Cohort
n=89 participants at risk
The "ON" cohort will receive the standard-of-care instructions for IS and information about the auditory and visual reminders. The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Alarm "OFF" Cohort
n=117 participants at risk
The "OFF" cohort will receive only the standard-of-care instructions for IS. The "OFF" patients will receive no signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer. Alarms: The "ON" cohort patients will receive audible and visual signals from the InSee monitor attached to their incentive spirometer every 20 minutes and upon successfully reaching certain achievements.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Opioid-induced respiratory depression
0.00%
0/89 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
0.85%
1/117 • Number of events 1 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
Surgical and medical procedures
Surgical complication
3.4%
3/89 • Number of events 3 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
0.85%
1/117 • Number of events 1 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
Infections and infestations
Infection
3.4%
3/89 • Number of events 3 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
0.00%
0/117 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
Endocrine disorders
Diabetic ketoacidosis
1.1%
1/89 • Number of events 1 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3
0.00%
0/117 • Postoperative day 3
Definitions as described within postoperative day 3

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Ana Fernandez-Bustamante, MD, PhD

University of Colorado School of Medicine

Phone: 720-848-6744

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place