Trial Outcomes & Findings for Supracondylar Humerus Fracture (SCHF) Post-Op Study Between Opioid and Non-Opioid Pain Management (NCT NCT06187584)

NCT ID: NCT06187584

Last Updated: 2026-03-31

Results Overview

The subject reported pain level using the scale 0-10, with 0 being no pain and 10 being worst pain, will be measured at the time of discharge (i.e., baseline measure) and once daily at the relative same time each day on postoperative days 1-5. Thus, subjects may have up to a total of six pain level measurements. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

137 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

At the relative same time each day at time of discharge (baseline) and postoperative days 1-5 (i.e., five follow-up measures).

Results posted on

2026-03-31

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Control Group (Opioid Group)
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg by mouth (PO) every (q) 6 hours as needed (PRN) with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Overall Study
STARTED
41
45
Overall Study
COMPLETED
41
44
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Control Group (Opioid Group)
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg by mouth (PO) every (q) 6 hours as needed (PRN) with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

Supracondylar Humerus Fracture (SCHF) Post-Op Study Between Opioid and Non-Opioid Pain Management

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=41 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=44 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Total
n=85 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
41 Participants
n=4 Participants
44 Participants
n=28 Participants
85 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=28 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=28 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Continuous
75.79 Months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.59 • n=4 Participants
74.97 Months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.76 • n=28 Participants
75.10 Months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.34 • n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
17 Participants
n=4 Participants
23 Participants
n=28 Participants
40 Participants
n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
24 Participants
n=4 Participants
21 Participants
n=28 Participants
45 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=28 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
1 Participants
n=28 Participants
1 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=28 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black or African American
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
5 Participants
n=28 Participants
7 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
33 Participants
n=4 Participants
29 Participants
n=28 Participants
62 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic or Latino
5 Participants
n=4 Participants
2 Participants
n=28 Participants
7 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
More than one race
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=28 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
7 Participants
n=28 Participants
8 Participants
n=10 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
41 Participants
n=4 Participants
44 Participants
n=28 Participants
85 Participants
n=10 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At the relative same time each day at time of discharge (baseline) and postoperative days 1-5 (i.e., five follow-up measures).

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future.

The subject reported pain level using the scale 0-10, with 0 being no pain and 10 being worst pain, will be measured at the time of discharge (i.e., baseline measure) and once daily at the relative same time each day on postoperative days 1-5. Thus, subjects may have up to a total of six pain level measurements. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=44 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=41 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Discharge pain level (baseline)
4.46 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.55
4.10 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.05
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Post-operative Day 1 Pain Level
3.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.53
3.82 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.43
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Post-operative Day 2 Pain Level
2.85 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.06
2.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.14
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Post-operative Day 3 Pain Level
1.44 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.54
2.28 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.19
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Post-operative Day 4 Pain Level
1.59 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.55
1.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.51
Subject Reported Pain Level Using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale.
Post-operative Day 5 Pain Level
1.29 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.32
1.36 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.45

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Two hours post intervention and everyday at the same time as the initial response for five consecutive days post intervention

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future. For each post-operative day, not all of the participants filled out the survey every single day, thus the numbers vary by day.

Using the Likert scale 1-5, "very dissatisfied (1), dissatisfied (2), neutral (3), satisfied (4), very satisfied (5)" options, the investigators asked families to rate the satisfaction of their child's pain control daily for 5 days. The higher the number, the higher the satisfaction.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=44 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=41 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Parent Satisfaction With (Subject) Child's Pain Control
Post op day 1 satisfaction level
3.83 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.18
3.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.34
Parent Satisfaction With (Subject) Child's Pain Control
Post op day 2 satisfaction level
3.97 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.05
4.13 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.82
Parent Satisfaction With (Subject) Child's Pain Control
Post op day 3 satisfaction level
4.47 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.72
4.38 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.62
Parent Satisfaction With (Subject) Child's Pain Control
Post op day 4 satisfaction level
4.66 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.61
4.46 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.58
Parent Satisfaction With (Subject) Child's Pain Control
Post op day 5 satisfaction level
4.65 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.66
4.54 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.51

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future.

Participants' parent completed a survey asking the number of days of medication use

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Number of Days of Medication Usage
4.65 number of days
Standard Deviation 2.61
2.48 number of days
Standard Deviation 2.47

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Number of participants analyzed is lower than enrollment number because not all participants filled out a survey at their 1st follow up visit. Count of participants in the Outcome Measure Data Table is count of how many answered "yes" to side effects.

Participant completed a Yes/No survey asking if they experienced any of the following: Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Headache, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Rash, Other.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Side Effects From Medication
4 Participants
10 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Number of participants analyzed is lower than enrolled participants because not all participants completed a survey at their first follow up visit. The count of participants in the Outcome Measure Data Table indicates how many participants answered "yes".

Participant completed a Yes/No survey asking if use of medication other than those indicated by their physician to control pain occured.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Use of Medication(s) Other Than Those Indicated by Their Physician to Control Pain
Count of participants who took other medication in addition to prescribed medication
0 Participants
0 Participants
Use of Medication(s) Other Than Those Indicated by Their Physician to Control Pain
Count of participants who took other medication instead of prescribed medication
0 Participants
5 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Number of participants analyzed is lower than enrolled participants because not all participants completed a survey at their first follow up visit. The count of participants in the Outcome Measure Data Table indicates how many participants called provider for pain rescue.

Participant completed a survey asking for numerical count of phone calls for pain rescue.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Number of Calls to a Healthcare Provider for Breakthrough Pain Rescue
Count of participants who called once
1 Participants
2 Participants
Number of Calls to a Healthcare Provider for Breakthrough Pain Rescue
Count of participant who called more than once
0 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Number of participants analyzed is lower than enrolled participants because not all participants completed a survey at their first follow up visit. The count of participants in the Outcome Measure Data Table indicates how many participants answered "yes".

Participant completed survey asking for count of visits for pain rescue.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Number of Visits to a Healthcare Provider for Breakthrough Pain Rescue
0 Number of visits
0 Number of visits

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Postoperative days 1-5

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future.

Survey for number of doses taken by participant each postoperative day 1-5

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=44 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=41 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Daily Use of Opioid or Nonopioid Medicine on Postoperative Days 1-5
Post op Day 1 Number of medication doses
2.67 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.47
1.38 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.34
Daily Use of Opioid or Nonopioid Medicine on Postoperative Days 1-5
Post op Day 2 Number of medication doses
2.23 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.45
1.25 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.54
Daily Use of Opioid or Nonopioid Medicine on Postoperative Days 1-5
Post op Day 3 Number of medication doses
1.67 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.42
0.53 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.02
Daily Use of Opioid or Nonopioid Medicine on Postoperative Days 1-5
Post op Day 4 Number of medication doses
1.19 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.47
0.32 medication doses
Standard Deviation 0.61
Daily Use of Opioid or Nonopioid Medicine on Postoperative Days 1-5
Post op Day 5 Number of medication doses
0.93 medication doses
Standard Deviation 1.22
0.16 medication doses
Standard Deviation 0.45

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future.

Participant completed survey using 5 point Likert scale "very poorly", "poorly", "neutral", "well", "very well". Very poorly = 1, Poorly = 2, Neutral = 3, Well = 4, Very well = 5

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Participant's Overall Pain Control
4.19 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.06
4.56 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.64

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: First follow up visit, occurring approximately one week postoperatively.

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed was lower than enrollment number because some participants did not complete any survey data. We don't have that data and do not have the collect it in the future.

Using the Likert scale, "very dissatisfied (1), dissatisfied (2), neutral (3), satisfied (4), very satisfied (5)" options, the investigators ask families to rate overall their satisfaction with their child's pain control in the first five days after surgery.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):
n=26 Participants
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg PO q6 hours with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours Acetaminophen: 15mg/kg PO q6 hours Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Control Group (Opioid Group)
n=27 Participants
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN with ibuprofen 10mg/kg PO q6 hours PRN Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 0.15mg/kg PO q6 Ibuprofen: 10mg/kg PO q6 hours
Overall Parent Satisfaction
4.35 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.98
4.67 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.48

Adverse Events

Control Group (Opioid Group)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Caleb Grote, MD

Children's Mercy Hospital

Phone: 8162343693

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place