Trial Outcomes & Findings for Assessment of Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery and Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (NCT NCT06154473)

NCT ID: NCT06154473

Last Updated: 2026-06-11

Results Overview

Severe postoperative complications are: stroke, septic shock, unscheduled urgent or emergency surgical reoperation, cardiovascular complications, hematological complications, pulmonary complications, and renal complications

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

528 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Results posted on

2026-06-11

Participant Flow

Participants were recruited consecutively at 11 tertiary hospitals in Brazil between September 2023 and March 2025. Enrollment was initiated at each site only after approval by the respective Institutional Review Board. Participants were identified through routine surgical scheduling and perioperative workflows to ensure consecutive inclusion and minimize selection bias. No participants were lost to follow-up during the prespecified observation period.

This was a prospective, multicenter observational cohort study. No randomization or intervention assignment occurred. All enrolled participants received standard-of-care management as determined by the treating clinical teams at each participating institution. Treatment decisions, including surgical approach, anesthetic technique, intraoperative management, and postoperative care, were not influenced by study participation. No participants were excluded after enrollment

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Open Heart Surgery
Cohort of patient undergoing an open heart surgery. Open heart surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the chest to opening the chest wall to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo valve repair, valve replacement, or coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, combined surgery, define as valve surgery in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting, will also be included. Heart transplant will not be included.
Percutaneous Cardiovascular Surgery
Cohort of patient undergoing a percutaneous cardiovascular surgery. Percutaneous cardiovascular surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the skin to use a catheter-based approach to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation, valve in valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation and transcatheter mitral-valve repair or replacement.
Overall Study
STARTED
479
49
Overall Study
COMPLETED
479
49
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Assessment of Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery and Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Open Heart Surgery
n=479 Participants
Cohort of patient undergoing an open heart surgery. Open heart surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the chest to opening the chest wall to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo valve repair, valve replacement, or coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, combined surgery, define as valve surgery in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting, will also be included. Heart transplant will not be included. Open heart surgery group.: Patients undergoing open heart surgery.
Percutaneous Cardiovascular Surgery
n=49 Participants
Cohort of patient undergoing a percutaneous cardiovascular surgery. Percutaneous cardiovascular surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the skin to use a catheter-based approach to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation, valve in valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation and transcatheter mitral-valve repair or replacement. Percutaneous cardiovascular surgery group.: Patients undergoing percutaneous cardiovascular surgery.
Total
n=528 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
64 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 • n=20 Participants
79 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=20 Participants
64 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 • n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
127 Participants
n=20 Participants
24 Participants
n=20 Participants
151 Participants
n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
352 Participants
n=20 Participants
25 Participants
n=20 Participants
377 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
353 Participants
n=20 Participants
33 Participants
n=20 Participants
386 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black or African American
48 Participants
n=20 Participants
3 Participants
n=20 Participants
51 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
5 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
5 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Unknown or Not Reported
73 Participants
n=20 Participants
13 Participants
n=20 Participants
86 Participants
n=40 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Brazil
479 participants
n=20 Participants
49 participants
n=20 Participants
528 participants
n=40 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Severe postoperative complications are: stroke, septic shock, unscheduled urgent or emergency surgical reoperation, cardiovascular complications, hematological complications, pulmonary complications, and renal complications

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Open Heart Surgery
n=479 Participants
Cohort of patient undergoing an open heart surgery. Open heart surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the chest to opening the chest wall to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo valve repair, valve replacement, or coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, combined surgery, define as valve surgery in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting, will also be included. Heart transplant will not be included.
Percutaneous Cardiovascular Surgery
n=49 Participants
Cohort of patient undergoing a percutaneous cardiovascular surgery. Percutaneous cardiovascular surgery is defined as a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the skin to use a catheter-based approach to access and operate on the heart. The study will include patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation, valve in valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation and transcatheter mitral-valve repair or replacement.
Mortality or Severe Postoperative Complications Within the First 3 Postoperative Days or Until ICU Discharge, Whichever Occurs First
163 Participants
7 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Describe demographic characteristics of the patients

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Describe the type of surgeries performed. Description of the surgery as: emergency, urgent and elective surgery; open heart surgery or percutaneous cardiovascular surgery; valve repair (or replacement) and/or coronary artery bypass grafting

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

The following anesthesia modalities will be considered and collected: general anesthesia, combined general anesthesia (general anesthesia and neuroaxis block) and sedation

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

The following severe intraoperative complications will be considered and collected: bronchospasm or difficulty with respiratory support, failure to exit cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), cardiac arrest with return of spontaneous circulation, and excessive blood transfusion (≥ 4 units of packed red blood cells)

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

The following postoperative complications will be considered and collect: cardiovascular; pulmonary; neurological, gastrointestinal and metabolic

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Evaluate the influence of fluid balance on ICU mortality. Determine if the increase in fluid balance during the ICU stay is associated with the increase in ICU mortality.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

Calculated from the date and time of admission and date and time of actual ICU discharge (discharge or death)

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Within the first 3 postoperative days or until ICU discharge, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 3 postoperative days

To construct a logistic regression model to identify risk factors associated with increased ICU mortality.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Open Heart Surgery

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 14 deaths

Percutaneous Cardiovascular Surgery

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Renato Carneiro de Freitas Chaves

Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Department of critical care medicine and anesthesiology. Avenida Albert Einstein, 627/701, 5 floor Zip code: 05651-901 - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

Phone: +55(11)2151-1500

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place