Graft Reinforcement for Posterior Nasal Nerve Neurectomy in Allergic Rhinitis Surgeries

Summary

Rhinitis is defined clinically as having two or more symptoms of anterior or posterior rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal blockage and/or itching of the nose during two or more consecutive days for more than 1 h on most days.

Allergic rhinitis is diagnosed when these symptoms are caused by allergen exposure leading to an IgE mediated reaction. The inflammatory mediators produced because of this IgE mediated reaction causes the classical symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Nerve irritation causes sneezing and itching, the loss of mucosal integrity causes rhinorrhea, and the vascular engorgement leads to nasal blockage.

Based on the nasal symptoms the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the Indian population is 20-30%.

Allergic rhinitis significantly affects the quality of life, it contributes to missed or unproductive time at school or work, disturbed sleep pattern and daytime somnolence.

The most popular and widely accepted treatment strategy for allergic rhinitis is pharmacotherapy, this includes antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonist and intranasal corticosteroids. These medical modalities are symptomatically effective in mild cases, with temporary relief and addressable adverse effects. Prolonged treatment with allergy immunotherapy causes a sustainable financial burden while remaining inaccessible at smaller towns.

Rhinorrhea is a frequent symptom reported amongst patients with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. Most of these patients usually respond well to medical treatment.

Indications for surgical treatment are warranted only when medical treatment fails, or a patient wants a permanent solution.

In 1961, Golding-Wood first described vidian neurectomy for the treatment of allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. There was a high incidence of post-operative complications, such as disturbed lacrimal secretion and numbness of the cheek and gums. In 2007, Kikawada reported an endoscopic technique involving resection of the posterior nasal nerve near the sphenopalatine artery. With this technique, any intra-operative bleeding can be controlled under direct vision. In 2008, Ikeda et al. described submucosal reduction of the inferior turbinate and resection of the posterior nasal nerve. This resulted in significant improvements in nasal symptoms for patients with resistant chronic rhinitis (rhinorrhea).

The posterior nasal nerve is a peripheral branch of the sphenopalatine ganglion. It enters the nasal cavity through a separate foramen, 4-5 mm below the sphenopalatine foramen, after bifurcation of the nerve into the lacrimal nerve. The posterior superior nasal nerves innervate the superior and middle turbinates, and the superior and middle meatus.

Other parasympathetic nerve fibres of the nose branch off and joins the greater palatine nerve and enters the nasal cavity through the canaliculi in the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone as the posterior inferior nasal nerves. These nerves innervate the inferior turbinate and the inferior meatus.

Conditions

• Neurectomy

Interventions

PROCEDURE

conventional posterior nerve neurectomy

A vertical incision is made behind the posterior fontanelle. The posterior end of the posterior fontanelle is identified by palpation with an elevator. . The mucoperiosteum is raised gently using a Cottle elevator or a suction freer elevator, after making the initial incision. Care must be taken not to injure the sphenopalatine vessel during flap elevation. The peripheral part of the posterior nasal nerve can usually be identified just behind the incision, about 4-5 mm inferior to the sphenopalatine artery or crista ethmoidalis. I After identifying the nerve fibres, it is cauterised using monopolar suction cautery and cut using microscissors. It is essential to carry out this procedure on both sides for effective results.

PROCEDURE

cartilage graft reinforcement after posterior nerve neurectomy

A vertical incision is made behind the posterior fontanelle. The posterior end of the posterior fontanelle is identified by palpation with an elevator. . The mucoperiosteum is raised gently using a Cottle elevator or a suction freer elevator, after making the initial incision. Care must be taken not to injure the sphenopalatine vessel during flap elevation. The peripheral part of the posterior nasal nerve can usually be identified just behind the incision, about 4-5 mm inferior to the sphenopalatine artery or crista ethmoidalis. I After identifying the nerve fibres, it is cauterised using monopolar suction cautery and cut using microscissors. It is essential to carry out this procedure on both sides for effective results. then harvest cartilage from nasal septum and refashion it around sphenopalatine bundle to prevent nerve re-innervation The mucoperiosteal flaps are repositioned . No nasal packing is required. Patients are discharged on the same day

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kafrelsheikh University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Mohammad Aouf · kafrelsheikh U

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2022-03-12

Primary Completion

2023-05-30

Completion

2023-11-30

Countries

• Egypt

Study Locations