Trial Outcomes & Findings for Good Bowls: Eat Well At Work (NCT NCT05776303)

Unit of analysis: Worksites

Counts do not sum to total participant number due to missing and refused responses.

A slightly adapted 14-item Mediterranean diet screener was used to assess adherence to a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern. Each item was scored 0 or 1, producing a total score ranging from 0 to 14, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. The outcome, mean change in score from the beginning of exposure to the treatment to the end of the exposure to the treatment, was calculated by first subtracting each participant's score at the start of exposure from their score at the end of exposure, and then by averaging the individual changes across all participants.

Weight measured using a SECA 874dr scale. The outcome, mean change in weight from the beginning of exposure to the treatment to the end of the exposure to the treatment, was calculated by first subtracting each participant's weight at the start of exposure from their weight at the end of exposure, and then by averaging the individual changes across all participants.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured using an automated portable sphygmomanometer (Omron HEM-907XL, Vernon Hills, IL). Two readings were taken with a 1-minute interval and averaged by the device. The outcome, mean change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from the beginning of exposure to the treatment to the end of the exposure to the treatment, was calculated by first subtracting each participant's blood pressure at the start of exposure from their blood pressure at the end of exposure, and then by averaging the individual changes across all participants.

Skin carotenoid levels were measured using pressure-mediated spectroscopy (Veggie Meter®). Three readings were taken and averaged. Scores range from 0-800 arbitrary units with higher values indicating greater carotenoid concentrations or greater fruit and vegetable intake. The outcome, mean change in skin carotenoid level from the beginning of exposure to the treatment to the end of the exposure to the treatment, was calculated by first subtracting each participant's skin carotenoid level at the start of exposure from their skin carotenoid level at the end of exposure, and then by averaging the individual changes across all participants.

Food security status was assessed using the validated two-item Hunger Vital Sign™ screener for the past 12 months: (1) "We worried whether our food would run out before we got money to buy more" and (2) "The food we bought just didn't last and we didn't have money to get more." Response options: Often true, Sometimes true, Never true, Don't know. Participants who selected "Often true" or "Sometimes true" for either item were categorized as "At Risk for Food Insecurity." Participants who did not select "Often true" or "Sometimes true" for either item were categorized as "Food Secure." The outcome, change in food security status from the beginning of exposure to the treatment to the end of the exposure to the treatment was tabulated by counting the number of participants that changed food security status or remained the same during the exposure to the treatment.