Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Ruxolitinib Cream in Participants With Genital Vitiligo (NCT NCT05750823)

This study was conducted at 12 study centers in Canada, France, and the United States.

A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Ruxolitinib Cream in Participants With Genital Vitiligo

The VNS is a patient-reported measure of vitiligo treatment success that has a 5-point scale. The participant was asked to respond to the following query: "Compared with before treatment, how noticeable is the vitiligo now? Responses: (1) more noticeable, (2) as noticeable, (3) slightly less noticeable, (4) a lot less noticeable, or (5) no longer noticeable. The baseline genital photograph was shown to the participant for reference. A VNS score of 4 or 5 can be interpreted as representing treatment success.

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not it is considered drug related. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable or unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of study cream. A TEAE was defined as any AE either reported for the first time or the worsening of a pre-existing event after the first dose of study drug and within 30 days of the last administration of study drug.

The severity of genital vitiligo was assessed by the physician using the PhGVA, which has a 5-point scale: 0=clear, no signs of vitiligo or complete/near complete repigmentation; 1=almost clear, mostly pigmented areas with small depigmented or difficult to repigment areas (e.g., shaft of penis or labia minora); 2=mild disease, modest areas of depigmentation with approximately 50% pigmentation within vitiligo areas or significant perifollicular pattern present; 3=moderate disease, large areas of depigmented vitiligo areas/significant depigmentation within vitiligo areas; 4=severe disease, extensive areas of vitiligo with complete depigmentation. Response was reported for the genital region (Genital-PhGVA).

BSA assessments were performed using the palmar method and was estimated to the nearest 0.1%. The approximate size of the participant's entire palmar surface (i.e., the palm plus 5 digits) was considered as 1% BSA, and the approximate size of the participant's thumb was considered as 0.1% BSA. Total BSA takes into account the depigmented areas for each of the following body regions: head/neck (including face and scalp), upper extremities (including axillae), hands, trunk (including genitalia), lower extremities (including buttocks), and feet. The BSA depigmented by vitiligo was assessed for the genitals (which represents approximately 1% of the trunk). Genital BSA takes into account the depigmented areas of the labia majora, labia minora, and perineum in females and the penis, scrotum, and perineum in males. Change from baseline was calculated as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value.

A T-VASI50 responder achieved ≥50% improvement from Baseline in T-VASI, calculated with contributions from 6 sites. The percentage of vitiligo involvement was estimated in hand units (percentage of BSA estimated to the nearest 0.1%) by the Investigator using the Palmar Method. The Investigator used his/her hand to mimic the participant's hand size to evaluate percent BSA vitiligo involvement. The degree of depigmentation for each site was estimated to the nearest percentage: 0% (no depigmentation present), 10% (only specks of depigmentation present), 25% (pigmented area exceeded depigmented area), 50% (depigmented and pigmented area was equal), 75% (depigmented area exceeded pigmented area), 90% (specks of pigment present), 100% (no pigment present). T-VASI was then derived by multiplying the values assessed for the vitiligo involvement by the percentage of affected skin for each site and summing the values (range: 0-100; lower scores indicate increased improvement).

A T-VASI75 responder achieved ≥75% improvement from Baseline in T-VASI, calculated with contributions from 6 sites. The percentage of vitiligo involvement was estimated in hand units (percentage of BSA estimated to the nearest 0.1%) by the Investigator using the Palmar Method. The Investigator used his/her hand to mimic the participant's hand size to evaluate percent BSA vitiligo involvement. The degree of depigmentation for each site was estimated to the nearest percentage: 0% (no depigmentation present), 10% (only specks of depigmentation present), 25% (pigmented area exceeded depigmented area), 50% (depigmented and pigmented area was equal), 75% (depigmented area exceeded pigmented area), 90% (specks of pigment present), 100% (no pigment present). T-VASI was then derived by multiplying the values assessed for the vitiligo involvement by the percentage of affected skin for each site and summing the values (range: 0-100; lower scores indicate increased improvement).

A T-VASI90 responder achieved ≥90% improvement from Baseline in T-VASI, calculated with contributions from 6 sites. The percentage of vitiligo involvement was estimated in hand units (percentage of BSA estimated to the nearest 0.1%) by the Investigator using the Palmar Method. The Investigator used his/her hand to mimic the participant's hand size to evaluate percent BSA vitiligo involvement. The degree of depigmentation for each site was estimated to the nearest percentage: 0% (no depigmentation present), 10% (only specks of depigmentation present), 25% (pigmented area exceeded depigmented area), 50% (depigmented and pigmented area was equal), 75% (depigmented area exceeded pigmented area), 90% (specks of pigment present), 100% (no pigment present). T-VASI was then derived by multiplying the values assessed for the vitiligo involvement by the percentage of affected skin for each site and summing the values (range: 0-100; lower scores indicate increased improvement).

The VNS is a patient-reported measure of vitiligo treatment success that has a 5-point scale. The participant was asked to respond to the following query: "Compared with before treatment, how noticeable is the vitiligo now? Responses: (1) more noticeable, (2) as noticeable, (3) slightly less noticeable, (4) a lot less noticeable, or (5) no longer noticeable. The baseline genital photograph was shown to the participant for reference. A VNS score of 4 or 5 can be interpreted as representing treatment success.

Participants were shown their baseline genital photograph for reference, and were asked to respond to the following query: "At this point of your treatment, how well does your genital skin color match between your treated vitiligo skin and normal skin?: Responses: (1) excellent, (2) very good, (3) good, (4) poor, or (5) very poor.